Comparison 6. Anticholinergics versus placebo or no prophylaxis.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Clinically important upper GI bleeding	2	131	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.95 [0.36, 2.51]
1.1 Pirenzepine vs placebo	1	101	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.94 [0.34, 11.13]
1.2 Pirenzepin + ranitidine vs placebo + ranitidine	1	30	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.6 [0.17, 2.07]
2 Nosocomial pneumonia	1		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Totals not selected
2.1 Pirenzepine vs placebo	1		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
3 All‐cause mortality in ICU	2	131	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.23 [0.66, 2.30]
3.1 Pirenzepine vs placebo	1	101	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.30 [0.65, 2.60]
3.2 Pirenzepine + ranitidine vs placebo + ranitidine	1	30	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.0 [0.24, 4.18]