Zhang 2009c.

Methods	Study design: parallel RCT Study duration: January 2005 to June 2007 Duration of follow‐up: not reported
Participants	Setting: National, dialysis units Country: China Participants > 18 years and suffered from ESKD that required HD treatment, with a newly inserted, well‐positioned permanent tunnelled cuffed HD catheter Number (participants/catheters): treatment group (71/71); control group (69/69) Mean age ± SD (years): treatment group (52 ± 16.3); control group (52.1 ± 16.7) Sex (M/F): treatment group (51/20); control group (50/19) Exclusion criteria: systematic bacterial infection; local infection requiring systemic antibiotics; pregnancy; dizziness; tinnitus; immunosuppressive treatment
Interventions	Treatment group Gentamicin: 4 mg/mL Heparin: 5500 IU/mL Control group Heparin: 5500 U/mL
Outcomes	CRI Thrombosis Adverse effects (bleeding, tinnitus and vertigo)
Notes	Funding source:
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	The participants and dialysis nurses were blinded of the treatment assignments
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	The study investigators who assessed outcomes were not blinded
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	All patient data reported
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Describes the outcome according to objective
Other bias	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement