Comparison 16. Subgroup analysis: phase of humanitarian crisis ‐ adults.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 PTSD symptoms at endpoint	15	1250	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐1.10 [‐1.39, ‐0.81]
1.1 During the acute crisis	7	566	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐1.14 [‐1.58, ‐0.69]
1.2 After the acute crisis	6	533	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐1.33 [‐1.92, ‐0.73]
1.3 Other	2	151	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.64 [‐0.97, ‐0.31]
2 PTSD symptoms at 1 to 4 months	16	1568	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.47 [‐0.66, ‐0.29]
2.1 During the acute crisis	5	728	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.78 [‐1.18, ‐0.38]
2.2 After the acute crisis	9	719	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.33 [‐0.50, ‐0.17]
2.3 Other	2	121	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.19 [‐0.55, 0.17]
3 PTSD symptoms ≥ 6 months	5	400	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.37 [‐0.61, ‐0.14]
3.1 During the acute crisis	1	188	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.22 [‐0.57, 0.12]
3.2 After the acute crisis	4	212	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.51 [‐0.84, ‐0.18]
4 Anxiety symptoms at endpoint	4	535	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.76 [‐1.10, ‐0.42]
4.1 After the acute crisis	3	326	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.92 [‐1.61, ‐0.23]
4.2 During the acute crisis	1	209	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.74 [‐1.02, ‐0.45]
5 Anxiety symptoms at 1 to 4 months	6	969	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.43 [‐0.71, ‐0.15]
5.1 During the acute crisis	3	636	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.69 [‐1.03, ‐0.36]
5.2 After the acute crisis	3	333	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.16 [‐0.41, 0.08]
6 Depressive symptoms at endpoint	13	1232	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.90 [‐1.09, ‐0.71]
6.1 During the acute crisis	6	514	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐1.05 [‐1.26, ‐0.85]
6.2 After the acute crisis	5	567	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.82 [‐1.03, ‐0.60]
6.3 Other	2	151	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.53 [‐1.20, 0.14]
7 Depressive symptoms at 1 to 4 months	14	1670	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.42 [‐0.61, ‐0.23]
7.1 During the acute crisis	5	1034	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.70 [‐0.93, ‐0.47]
7.2 After the acute crisis	7	515	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.22 [‐0.44, 0.00]
7.3 Other	2	121	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.13 [‐0.49, 0.23]
8 Depressive symptoms ≥ 6 months	2	242	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.20 [‐0.49, 0.09]
8.1 During the acute crisis	1	188	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.26 [‐0.61, 0.08]
8.2 After the acute crisis	1	54	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.04 [‐0.58, 0.49]
9 Dropout	24	2773	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.97 [0.80, 1.16]
9.1 During the acute crisis	9	1134	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.07 [0.78, 1.48]
9.2 After the acute crisis	13	1442	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.96 [0.73, 1.28]
9.3 Other	2	197	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.56 [0.12, 2.67]
10 Functional impairment at endpoint	5	686	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.54 [‐0.79, ‐0.29]
10.1 After the acute crisis	1	274	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.54 [‐0.79, ‐0.30]
10.2 Other	2	151	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.45 [‐1.30, 0.40]
10.3 During the acute crisis	2	261	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.68 [‐0.93, ‐0.43]
11 Functional impairment at 1 to 4 months	7	1061	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.36 [‐0.55, ‐0.16]
11.1 During the acute crisis	3	633	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.47 [‐0.81, ‐0.13]
11.2 After the acute crisis	2	307	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.34 [‐0.60, ‐0.08]
11.3 Other	2	121	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.08 [‐0.43, 0.28]
12 Quality of life at endpoint	4	325	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.73 [‐1.22, ‐0.25]
12.1 During the acute crisis	1	159	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.83 [‐1.16, ‐0.51]
12.2 After the acute crisis	3	166	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.73 [‐1.49, 0.04]
13 Diagnosis of PTSD	4	402	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.07 [0.43, 2.68]
13.1 After the acute crisis	4	402	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.07 [0.43, 2.68]