Table 1.

Pain scales

Pain scale	Population	Type of pain
ABC pain scale (Bellieni 2005)a	Preterm and term infants	Procedural pain
Astrid Lindgren and Lund Children’s Hospitals Pain and Stress Assessment Scale for Preterm and sick Newborn Infants (ALPS‐Neo) (Lundqvist 2014)	Preterm and term infants	Prolonged pain/stress
Behavioral Indicators of Infant Pain (BIIP) (Holsti 2008)	Preterm infants	Procedural pain
Comfort Neo (van Dijk 2009)	Preterm and term infants	Postoperative and prolonged pain/stress
CRIES (Krechel 1995)	Preterm and term infants	Procedural and postoperative pain
Douleur Aiguë du Nouveau‐né (DAN) (Acute pain in newborn infants, APN, English version) (Carbajal 1997)	Preterm and term infants	Procedural pain
Echelle Douleur Incomfort Nouveau‐né (EDIN) (Debillon 2001)	Preterm infants	Prolonged pain
’Faceless’ Acute Neonatal pain Scale (FANS) (Milesi 2010)	Preterm and term infants	Procedural pain
Neonatal Facial Coding System (NFCS) (Grunau 1986; Peters 2003)	Preterm and term infants	Procedural, postoperative and prolonged pain/stress
Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) (Lawrence 1993)	Preterm and term infants	Procedural pain
Neonatal Pain, Agitation, and Sedation Scale (N‐PASS) (Hummel 2008; Hummel 2010)	Preterm and term infants	Procedural, postoperative and prolonged pain/stress
Pain Assessment Tool (PAT) (Hodgkinson 1994; Spence 2005)	Preterm and term infants	Postoperative and prolonged pain/discomfort
Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP and PIPP‐R) (Gibbins 2014; Stevens 1996)	Preterm and term infants	Procedural and postoperative pain

^aPublication of development or validation, or both, within parentheses