The MNK1/NODAL axis regulates migration and invasion. A, DCIS-Luc MNK-KO xenografts have decreased VIMENTIN (VIM) levels compared with DCIS-Luc CTL tumors. Representative images from two tumors are shown. Scale bar, 200 μm. B, DCIS-Luc caMNK1 xenografts have increased VIMENTIN (VIM) levels compared with DCIS-Luc pBABE control tumors. Representative images from two tumors are shown. Scale bar, 200 μm. C, DCIS-Luc MNK1-KO cells have impaired capacity to migrate and to invade through Collagen I in transwells. D, DCIS-LuccaMNK1 cells showed increased capacity to migrate and invade through Collagen I in transwells. E, VIMENTIN knockdown by siRNA decreases the invasive capacity of DCIS-Luc pBABE/caMNK1 cells. F, rhNODAL treatment increases the migration and invasion of DCIS-Luc MNK1-KO cells. G, Transient knockdown of NODAL decreases the invasive capacity of DCIS-Luc pBABE/caMNK1 cells. *, P< 0.05;**, P < 0.01; ****, P < 0.0001.