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. 2019 May 13;9:7319. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-43714-5

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Ocular examination of the healthy control, non-SS sicca control, and pSS groups. OSDI: Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire score; TFBUT: tear film breakup time; OSS: ocular surface staining; CS: corneal staining; MQ: meibum quality; MGDS: meibomian gland dropout score; UL: upper lid; DESL: dry eye severity level. Intergroup difference is significant at *p < 0.05. Results are shown in the log scale, and the exact values of variables are given in the following order: healthy controls, non-SS sicca controls, and pSS. OSDI (5.3; 51.4; 36.2), Osmolarity (313.6; 327.1; 327.8), TFBUT (6.0; 3.8; 1.7), Schirmer’s test (21.2; 14.2; 4.3), OSS (0.6; 1.0; 3.1), CS (0.1; 0.8; 1.6), MQ (0.0; 0.4; 0.5), MGDS_UL (1.3; 2.0; 1.9), DESL (0.6; 1.8; 2.8).