Table 1.
Properties of the material used for dike breaching experiments.
| Material F (fine sand) | Material 1 (coarse sand) | Material F1 | Material F2 | Material F3 | Material 2 (coarse sand) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median diameter d50 (mm) | 0.24 | 1.03 | 0.98 | 0.96 | 0.91 | 1.67 |
| Volumetric ratio of fine sand (%) | 100 | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 0 |
| Density ρs (kg/m3) | 2485 | 2470 | 2478 | 2503 | 2510 | 2470 |
| Bulk density ρb (kg/m3) | 1540 | 1556 | 1710 | 1877 | 1883 | 1507 |
| Porosity p (−) | 0.38 | 0.37 | 0.31 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.39 |
| Friction angle dry φ (°) | 28-30 | 28 | — | 30 | — | — |
| Friction angle wet φw (°) | — | 55 | — | — | — | — |
| Tilt angle (°) | 32 | 30 | — | 29 | — | — |