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. 2019 May 7;10:890. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00890

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Copyright © 2019 Napolioni, Pariano, Borghi, Oikonomou, Galosi, De Luca, Stincardini, Vacca, Renga, Lucidi, Colombo, Fiscarelli, Lass-Flörl, Carotti, D'Amico, Majo, Russo, Ellemunter, Spolzino, Mosci, Brancorsini, Aversa, Velardi, Romani and Costantini.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Mice transplanted with bone marrow-derived cells from Ido2^−/− mice have a more severe pathology upon challenge with A. fumigatus. Balb/c mice were transplanted with bone marrow derived cells from wild-type, Ido1^−/− or Ido2^−/− mice and challenged with A. fumigatus for 4 days. Mice were assessed for fungal burden in the lung (log10 CFUs) (A), histology (PAS; the scale bar represents 500 or 100 μm) (B), Tnf expression (RT-PCR) (C), and antifungal effector activity by splenic macrophages (% killing) (D). Data represent pooled results (n = 3, mean ± SD) or representative images from three experiments. ^*p < 0.05; ns, not significant.