Table 3.
Comparison of MCCB changes pre- and post-treatment between the two study groups
| MCCB (T score) |
20 Hz (n=33) Mean (SD) |
Sham (n=27) Mean (SD) |
Time | Group | Interaction between group and time of measurement | Effect size2 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before | After | Before | After | F | p | F | p | F | p | ||
| Speed of processing | 46.39(8.909) | 49.91(8.476) | 43.22(9.541) | 48.93(7.908) | 21.305 | 0.000* | 1.045 | 0.311 | 1.201 | 0.278 | 0.005 |
| TMT-A | 46.24 (9.114) | 51.39(9.647) | 44.70 (10.513) | 52.30 (9.067) | 44.767 | 0.000* | 0.019 | 0.890 | 1.642 | 0.205 | 0.011 |
| BACS | 48.03 (6.729) | 47.94 (7.754) | 44.74 (7.739) | 47.85 (8.347) | 3.456 | 0.068 | 0.876 | 0.353 | 3.884 | 0.054 | 0.047 |
| Fluency | 47.21(16.359) | 50.55 (7.934) | 44.22(11.613) | 47.56 (9.116) | 3.694 | 0.060 | 1.392 | 0.243 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.017 |
| Attention/vigilance (CPT-IP) | 46.28(8.146) (n=29) |
47.47 (9.677) (n=29) |
42.96(12.545) (n=25) |
46.16 (9.767) (n=25) |
3.704 | 0.060 | 0.728 | 0.397 | 1.171 | 0.284 | 0.017 |
| Working memory (WMS-SS) | 44.88 (10.096) | 44.03 (8.010) | 45.19 (11.007) | 46.22 (11.892) | 0.007 | 0.935 | 0.273 | 0.603 | 0.663 | 0.419 | 0.006 |
| Verbal learning (HVLT-R) | 44.48 (8.382) | 48.48 (7.815) | 43.30 (10.227) | 49.22 (9.040) | 23.224 | 0.000* | 0.012 | 0.913 | 0.874 | 0.354 | 0.002 |
| Visual learning (BVMT-R) | 44.82 (8.206) | 50.06 (10.341) | 45.96 (11.134) | 50.59 (10.976) | 30.190 | 0.000* | 0.115 | 0.736 | 0.116 | 0.734 | 0.015 |
| Reasoning/problem solving (NAB) | 50.79 (8.663) | 51.58 (10.006) | 49.00 (9.307) | 51.81 (8.919) | 3.302 | 0.074 | 0.125 | 0.724 | 1.045 | 0.311 | 0.001 |
| Social cognition (MSCEIT) | 49.30(11.229) (n=32) |
50.03 (11.545) (n=32) |
50.85(10.638) (n=26) |
56.12 (11.147) (n=26) |
4.485 | 0.039* | 2.210 | 0.143 | 2.573 | 0.114 | 0.024 |
| Composite score | 45.07(6.480) | 48.00(7.158) | 43.58(9.259) | 49.04(7.463) | 28.298 | 0.000* | 0.001 | 0.973 | 3.491 | 0.068 | 0.013 |
Note: *Statistically significant.
Abbreviations: TMT-A, trail making test: part A; BACS, brief assessment of cognition in schizophrenia: symbol coding; fluency, category fluency test; CPT-IP, continuous performance test-identical pairs; WMS-SS, wechsler memory scale-third edition (WMS-III): spatial span; HVLT-R, hopkins verbal learning test-revised; BVMT, brief visuospatial memory test-revised; NAB, neuropsychological assessment battery: mazes; MSCEIT, mayer-salovey-caruso emotional intelligence test: managing emotions.