Figure 2.

Applicability of long-read sequencing (LRS) to unveil the transcriptome landscape of cells and tissues. Given the significant improvements in read length, employing LRS on RNA level now allows for full-length isoform sequencing, covering the complete mRNA transcript in one single read (panel 1). As recent advances have demonstrated the isoform landscape to be more complex than initially thought, LRS holds the potential to identify novel isoforms (panel 2), as well as detect transcriptional and post-transcriptional modification sites, e.g., alternative transcriptional start sites (TSS), alternative splicing of exons and alternative transcription termination sites (3′polyadenylation sites; PAS), that underpin the emergence of different isoforms (panel 3). Collectively, uncovering the full isoform diversity within cells and tissues.