Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population.
| Characteristic | OAM only* (n = 271) | OAM + insulin* (n = 159) | P value† |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic | |||
| Gender | 0.541 | ||
| Male | 126 (46.5) | 75 (47.2) | |
| Female | 145 (53.5) | 84 (52.8) | |
| Age‡ (y) | 0.022 | ||
| ≤ 40 | 79 (29.1) | 35 (22.0) | |
| 40–60 | 164 (60.5) | 87 (54.7) | |
| > 61 | 28 (10.4) | 37 (23.3) | |
| Education | 0.713 | ||
| Primary | 29 (10.7) | 18 (11.3) | |
| Secondary | 86 (31.7) | 66 (41.5) | |
| University | 142 (52.4) | 51 (32.1) | |
| Higher | 14 (5.2) | 24 (15.1) | |
| Marital status | 0.002 | ||
| Ever married | 211 (77.9) | 105 (66.0) | |
| Never married | 60 (22.1) | 54 (34.0) | |
| Smoking habit | 0.413 | ||
| Ever smoked | 204 (75.3) | 111 (69.8) | |
| Never smoked | 67 (24.7) | 48 (30.2) | |
| Alcohol consumption | 0.225 | ||
| Ever drink | 107 (39.5) | 52 (32.7) | |
| Never drink | 164 (60.5) | 107 (67.3) | |
| Employment status | 0.343 | ||
| Governmental | 148 (54.6) | 101 (63.5) | |
| Nongovernmental | 123 (45.4) | 58 (36.5) | |
| Overall, satisfaction with current treatment | 0.087 | ||
| Satisfied | 122 (45.0) | 79 (49.7) | |
| Neutral response | 91 (33.6) | 34 (21.4) | |
| Dissatisfied | 58 (21.4) | 46 (28.9) | |
| Clinical parameters | |||
| Family history of diabetes | 0.741 | ||
| Yes | 218 (80.4) | 131 (82.4) | |
| No | 53 (19.6) | 28 (17.6) | |
| Duration of diabetes (y) | 0.512 | ||
| 0–5 | 64 (23.6) | 21 (13.2) | |
| 6–10 | 139 (51.3) | 87 (54.7) | |
| > 10 | 68 (25.1) | 51 (32.1) | |
| Comorbidities | 0.814 | ||
| Congestive heart disease | 42 (15.5) | 27 (17.0) | |
| Mild liver disease | 23 (8.5) | 18 (11.3) | |
| Hyperlipidemia | 55 (20.3) | 21 (13.2) | |
| Others | 4 (1.5) | 8 (5.0) | |
| None | 147 (54.2) | 85 (53.5) | |
| Body mass index | 0.011 | ||
| < 18.5/underweight | 113 (41.7) | 67 (42.1) | |
| 18.5-24.9/Healthy | 97 (35.8) | 71 (44.7) | |
| 25.0-29.9/overweight | 61 (22.5) | 21 (13.2) | |
| HbA1c (%) | 0.001 | ||
| ≤ 7.5 | 121 (44.6) | 102 (64.2) | |
| > 7.5 | 150 (55.4) | 57 (35.8) | |
HbA1c = glycosylated hemoglobin; OAM = oral antidiabetic medications.
⁎
Values are presented as n (%).
†
Boldface type indicates significance at P < 0.05 based on χ2 test for the nominal variables.
‡
Median age (SD): 49.31 (10.42) years.
§Body mass index and HbA1c values were the last reported values in the medical profile.