| EdU | 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine |
| GI | gastrointestinal |
| H&E | haematoxylin and eosin |
| ISC | intestinal stem cell |
| IHC | immunohistochemistry |
| OLFM4 | Olfactomedin 4 |
| PBT | proton beam therapy |
| RBE | relative biological effectiveness |
| RT | radiation therapy |
| SOBP | spread-out-Bragg-peak |
| TUNEL | terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling |