Table 3.

Results for anterior and middle deltoids’ EMG activity (p-value and effect size for area under the curve and peak EMG activity).

			One-Way ANOVA p-value	One-Way ANOVA η2	Two-Way ANOVA p-value	Two-Way ANOVA η2	Post-Hoc Analysis
							L1 vs L2	L1 vs L3	L1 vs L4	L1 vs M1	L1 vs H1	L2 vs M2	L2 vs H2	L2 vs L3	L2 vs L4	L3 vs L4	M1 vs M2	M1 vs H1	M2 vs H2	H1 vs H2
Anterior deltoid	RMS (p-value)	Weight effect	<0.001	0.505	<0.001	0.889
		Height effect	-	-	<0.001	0.480
		Weight x Height effect	-	-	0.001	0.361	0.003	0.001	<0.001	0.042	0.197	0.928	<0.001	0.021	<0.001	0.03	0.124	0.678	<0.001	<0.001
	Peak EMG activity (p-value)	Weight effect	<0.001	0.460	0.001	0.540
		Height effect	-	-	0.003	0.317
		Weight x Height effect	-	-	0.001	0.383	0.077	0.001	<0.001	0.012	0.793	0.764	0.002	0.115	0.001	0.102	0.361	0.011	<0.001	<0.001
Middle deltoid	RMS (p-value)	Weight effect	0.159	0.917	0.002	0.523
		Height effect	-	-	0.028	0.241
		Weight x Height	-	-	0.003	0.352	0.143	0.791	0.626	0.302	0.834	0.723	0.002	0.754	0.810	0.576	0.378	0.325	0.004	<0.001
	Peak EMG activity (p-value)	Weight effect	0.244	0.093	0.121	0.163
		Height effect	-	-	0.539	0.037
		Weight x Height	-	-	0.001	0.388	0.647	0.274	0.027	0.206	0.194	0.788	0.013	0.783	0.562	0.383	0.408	0.054	0.015	0.001

Legend: RMS: root-mean-squared; η²: partial eta squared (effect size); L1: lower shelf, weight 2.3 kg; L2: lower shelf, weight 6.8 kg; L3: lower shelf, weight 13.6 kg; L4: lower shelf, weight 22.7 kg; M1: medium shelf, weight 2.3 kg; M2: medium shelf, weight 6.8 kg; H1: higher shelf, weight 2.3 kg; H2: higher shelf, weight 6.8 kg.