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. 2019 Apr 19;20(8):1928. doi: 10.3390/ijms20081928

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Intracellular reactive oxygen spices (ROS) generation in non-oxidized HMEC-1 cells (A,B) and AAPH-oxidized (C) treated with cyanidin and its glycosides used at concentrations from 50 to 100 µM. The non-oxidized cells were treated with the compounds for 24 h (A) and 48 h (B), oxidized cells were first pre-incubated with the compounds for 24 h and then incubated with AAPH for the next 24 h (C). The rate of ROS generation was calculated after 2 h of cells’ incubation with H2DCF-DA. Cyanidin (C), cyanidin-3-O-arabinoside (CA), cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (CG), cyanidin-3-O-galactoside (CGA), cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside (CR), cyanidin-3-5-O-diglucoside (CDG) treated cells, and control (0-non-oxidized, 0′-oxidized cells). Values are means ± SD of three independent measurements. Statistically significant differences between the control (or AAPH-oxidized) and compound-modified cells are denoted as **α = 0.01.