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. 2019 Apr 17;24(8):1513. doi: 10.3390/molecules24081513

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Lignin structure (a), Thermal decomposition of ammonium polyphosphate into ammonia and ortho-phosphoric acid (b), Catalytic phosphorylation to produce phosphorylated lignin (c), Dehydration of lignin and formation of lignin based polyvinylic intermediate (d), Diels alder reaction to produce lignin-based char (e).