Effects of topical cinnamaldehyde or systemic TRPA1 antagonism on skin wound bacterial population. Total bacteria (a), Gram-negative bacteria (b) and P. aeruginosa (c) population in skin wound samples of infected and non-infected mice on day 4 post-skin excision. Total bacteria (d), Gram-negative bacteria (e) and P. aeruginosa (f) population in skin wound samples of infected and non-infected mice on day 7 post-skin excision. Animals received either sterile saline or P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 following skin excision. Cinnamaldehyde (0.5 mg/mL; 30 µL, n = 8) or 2% DMSO in sterile saline (30 µL, n = 8) were topically applied once a day for seven days. The TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031 (30 mg/kg, i.p., n = 8) or vehicle (8% DMSO in saline, i.p., n = 8) were administered to animals receiving or not cinnamaldehyde. * p < 0.05, differs from vehicle-treated mice. ND: not detected.