Table 2.
Frequently used characterization methods of dECM.
| Purposes | Principle | Methods |
|---|---|---|
| Confirmation of cell removal | DNA/cell nuclei detection | -Staining with hematoxylin and Hoechst 33258 -DNA content measurement |
| Intracellular protein detection | -Actin staining with fluorescent-labeled phalloidin -Immunocytochemistry of cytosolic proteins |
|
| Compositional analysis | Detection of non-nucleic components | -Eosin staining |
| GAGs detection | -Alcian blue and toluidine blue stainings | |
| Collagens detection | -Sirius red and azan stainings | |
| Specific proteins/carbohydrates detection | -Immunohistochemical analysis with antibodies -Staining with lectins |
|
| Proteomics (exhaustive research) | -Mass spectrometry | |
| Structural analysis | Structure observation | -SEM |
| Basement membrane detection | -TEM | |
| Fibril alignment | -fast Fourier transform analysis |