ACCF	American College of Cardiology Foundation
AHA	American Heart Association
Ang	Angiotensin
ANP	Atrial natriuretic peptide
AMI	Acute myocardial infarction
AP	Activator protein
AT1R	Angiotensin II type 1 receptor
BNP	Brain natriuretic peptide
cGMP	Cyclic guanosine monophosphate
CK-MB	Creatine kinase MB
CNP	C-type natriuretic peptide
cTn	Cardiac troponin
DHF	Diastolic heart failure
DNA	Deoxyribonucleic acid
DPPIV	Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV
EF	Ejection fraction
ERK	Extracellular signal regulated kinase
ESC	European Society of Cardiology
ET	Endothelin
FDA	Food and Drug Administration
HF	Heart failure
HFnEF	Heart failure with normal ejection fraction
HFpEF	Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
HFrEF	Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
ICON	International Collaborative of NT-proBNP
IDE	Insulin degrading enzyme
LV	Left ventricle
LVEDD	Left ventricular end-diastolic dimension
LVEF	Left ventricular ejection fraction
NEP	Neutral endopeptidase
NF-κB	Nuclear factor kappa B
NT-proBNP	N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide
NPR	Natriuretic peptide receptor
NYHA	New York Heart Association
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
RAAS	Renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system
rhBNP	Recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide
RNA	Ribonucleic acid
SHF	Systolic heart failure
SSREs	Shear stress-responsive elements