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The node distribution in VFA-SF-OPT process: (a) initial distribution from VFA-SF at the 800th time step; (b) the distribution from VFA-SF-OPT at the 600th time step where only the nodes in the pink circle participated in this optimization algorithm, as time goes on, more and more sensor nodes are involved in the deployment algorithm until they are all involved. (c) the distribution from VFA-SF-OPT at the 1200th step; (d) final distribution from VFA-SF-OPT.
