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. 2019 May 14;14:14. doi: 10.1186/s13027-019-0230-0

Table 3.

Evaluation of potential independent correlates of hrHPV E6/E7 mRNA-positivity among Ugandan women participating in a community-based study of cervical cancer screening. Separate analyses are shown for correlates of any hrHPV type and for a restricted set of HPV 16 or 18/45

Characteristic Any hrHPV Type
Prevalence Ratio (95% CI)
HPV 16 or 18/45
Prevalence Ratio (95% CI)
Unadjusted P value Adjusted P value Unadjusted P value Adjusted P value
Age, per additional yeara 0.97 (0.96 to 0.99) < 0.001 0.97 (0.96 to 0.99) < 0.001 1.20 (0.92 to 1.58) 0.18 0.96 (0.92 to 0.99) 0.024
Marital statusb
 Never married Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
 Married 0.71 (0.45 to 1.13) 0.15 0.87 (0.50 to 1.52) 0.50 1.15 (0.28 to 4.55) 0.84 1.19 (0.30 to 4.74) 0.81
 Separated/divorced/widowed 0.96 (0.59 to 1.57) 0.17 1.02 (0.56 to 1.85) 0.95 1.36 (0.32 to 5.81) 0.68 1.30 (0.29 to 5.76) 0.73
Educational levelc
 None Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
 As least some primary 1.28 (0.97 to 1.69) 0.079 1.17 (0.86 to 1.58) 0.32 0.94 (0.51 to 1.73) 0.84 0.73 (0.38 to 1.38) 0.33
 At least some secondary 1.39 (1.01 to 1.91) 0.041 1.12 (0.78 to 1.63) 0.52 1.58 (0.82 to 3.08) 0.17 0.99 (0.46 to 2.14) 0.98
 At least some tertiary 1.68 (0.77 to 3.69) 0.19 1.36 (0.58 to 3.17) 0.48 2.64 (0.64 to 10.4) 0.17 1.69 (0.35 to 8.10) 0.51
Occupationd
 Unemployed Ref: Ref: Ref. Ref.
 Non-professional 1.17 (0.89 to 1.56) 0.26 1.08 (0.79 to 1.46) 0.63 1.64 (0.90 to 2.99) 0.11 1.35 (0.68 to 2.67) 0.39
 Professional 1.44 (1.12 to 1.84) 0.004 1.33 (0.98 to 1.80) 0.068 2.13 (1.25 to 3.63) 0.005 1.56 (0.77 to 3.15) 0.21
Pregnancy statuse
 Not pregnant Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
 Pregnant 1.31 (1.02 to 1.69) 0.036 1.37 (1.04 to 1.80) 0.026 1.14 (0.60 to 2.17) 0.69 1.30 (0.67 to 2.52) 0.43
HIV infection statusf
 HIV-uninfected Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
 HIV-infected 2.07 (1.67 to 2.57) < 0.001 2.20 (1.74 to 2.78) < 0.001 2.62 (1.57 to 4.38) < 0.001 3.08 (1.77 to 5.35) < 0.001

aAge was adjusted for education, HIV infection status, marital status, pregnancy, and occupation

bMarital status was adjusted for age, education, HIV infection status, pregnancy, and occupation

cEducation was adjusted for age, HIV infection status, marital status, pregnancy, and occupation

dOccupation was adjusted for age, education, HIV infection status, marital status, and pregnancy

ePregnancy was adjusted for age, education, HIV infection status, marital status and occupation

fHIV infection status was adjusted for age, education, marital status, pregnancy, and occupation