Table 3.

Mean differences (95% CIs) in weight changes from meta-analyses of RCTs comparing diet and PA, diet only and PA only interventions against usual care or waiting list control groups, and RCTs comparing intensive diet and PA, and intensive diet only interventions again less intensive diet and PA and less intensive diet only interventions

Month	Diet and PA		Diet only		PA only		Intensive diet and PA		Intensive diet
	MD	CI	MD	CI	MD	CI	MD	CI	MD	CI
3	–2.8**	–4.4, –1.2	–2.9**	–4.7, –1.2	–0.1	–2.0,1.8	–1.3	–2.4, –0.2	–1.2**	–2.7, 0.3
6	–3.5**	–5.1, –1.9	–4.0**	–6.7, –1.2	–2.7**	–4.8, –0.6	–0.9*	–1.7, 0.0	0	–2.0,2.0
12	2.9**	–4.3, –1.5	–2.3**	–3.8, –0.8	–0.3	–2.2,1.6	–1.2*	–2.7, 0.4	–3.1	–5.5, –0.6
24	–2.8	–3.5, –2.0	–1.8	–4.8, 1.2	1.3	–1.0, 3.6	–0.3	–1.4, 0.7	no data
36	–2.6	–3.6, –1.6	no data		no data		no data		no data

MD = Mean difference; CI = confidence interval.

^*I² > 25%,

^**I² > 50%.

N studies (participants) for diet and PA trials: 8 (850), 15 (4,056), 15 (4,048), 3 (572), 6 (730) and 1 (434) at 3, 6, 12, 18. 24, and 36 months

N studies (participants) for D-only trials: 4 (450), 6 (486), 6 (1107), and 1 (66) at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months.

N studies (participants) for PA-only trials: 2 (86), 5 (319), 2 (83), and 1 (62) at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months.

N studies (participants) for intensive diet and PA trials: 5 (264), 7 (1323), 7 (750), 4 (957), and 2 (488) at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months.