Kaplan‐Meier estimates of overall survival by timing of surgery. (A): Median overall survival for CNS‐IMTX (10.8 months; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.8–16.3), CNS‐IMTX‐SURG (9.4 months; 95% CI, 4.1 to ∞), and CNS‐SURG‐IMTX (22.7 months; 95% CI, 12.6–39.2). (B): Median overall survival for IMTX‐CNS (9.1 months; 95% CI, 3.7 to ∞) and IMTX‐CNS‐SURG (9.0 months; 95% CI, 3.2–31.3).
Abbreviations: CNS‐IMTX, brain metastasis diagnosis treated with immunotherapy alone; CNS‐IMTX‐SURG, brain metastasis diagnosis treated with immunotherapy followed by surgery; CNS‐SURG‐IMTX, brain metastasis diagnosis treated with surgery followed by immunotherapy; IMTX‐CNS, immunotherapy followed by brain metastasis diagnosis; IMTX‐CNS‐SURG, immunotherapy followed by brain metastasis diagnosis and subsequent surgery.