Table 2.
Mean values ± SD of demographic, anthropometric and densitometric data in PHPT patients categorized by the presence (VF+) or absence (VF−) of vertebral fractures
| Characteristics | VF - | VF + | p | Effect size |
| Age (yrs) | 58.2±12.1 | 68.9±7.9 | <.001* | -0.570 |
| YSM (yrs) | 13.2±8.2 | 20.9±9.5 | 0.006* | -0.489 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.3±4.8 | 25.3±4.4 | 0.445 | 0.223 |
| LS BMD g/cm2 | 0.922±0.150 | 0.816±0.115 | 0.009* | 0.441 |
| LS T-score (SD) | -2.2±1.2 | -3.1±0.9 | 0.007* | 0.457 |
| LS Z-score | -1.4±-1.0 | -1.8±0.8 | 0.251 | 0.362 |
| FN BMD (g/cm2) | 0.793±0.121 | 0.687±0.115 | 0.017* | 0.459 |
| FN T-score | -1.8±0.9 | -2.5±0.8 | 0.012* | 0.484 |
| FN Z-score | -0.6±0.8 | -0.9±0.9 | 0.325* | 0.190 |
| TBS | 1.263±0.115 | 1.173±0.076 | 0.006 | 0.804 |
| TBS T-score | -2.3±1.3 | -3.3±0.9 | 0.005 | 0.821 |
| TBS Z-score | -0.4±1.2 | -0.9±0.8 | 0.08* | 0.296 |
YSM = years since menopause; BMI = body mass index; LS-BMD = Bone Mineral Density at Lumbar Spine; FN-BMD = Bone Mineral Density at Femoral Neck; TBS = Trabecular Bone Score. *Mann Whitney U test. For the Student T-test effect size is given by the Cohen’s d, for the Mann Whitney test by the rank biserial correlation.