Table 2.

Clinical correlates of longitudinal change in galectin-3 (n = 2477)

	Age, sex, baseline Gal-3- adjusted model			Multivariable- adjusted step- wise model†
Trait	β*	SE	P-Value	β	SE	P-Value
Age	0.0065	0.0005	<.0001	0.0034	0.0005	<0.0001
Female	0.0239	0.0084	0.0046	0.0423	0.0082	<0.0001
Systolic blood pressure	0.0357	0.0045	<.0001	0.0212	0.0045	<0.0001
Antihypertensive treatment	0.0815	0.0100	<.0001	0.0384	0.0103	<0.0001
Diabetes	0.1226	0.0160	<.0001	0.0679	0.0162	<0.0001
Body mass index	0.0335	0.0042	<.0001	0.0209	0.0042	<0.0001
HDL to cholesterol ratio	0.0057	0.0029	<0.0001
Smoking	0.0341	0.0119	0.0041
Left ventricular hypertrophy	0.0095	0.0777	0.90
Glomerular filtration rate	−0.0039	0.0041	0.34
Prevalent CKD	0.0438	0.0179	0.01
Prevalent CVD	0.0767	0.0225	0.0007
Prevalent HF	−0.0303	0.0838	0.71
Interim development of CKD	0.1945	0.0152	<0.0001	0.1692	0.0149	<0.0001
Interim development of CVD	0.1279	0.0201	<0.0001
Interim development of HF	0.2457	0.0329	<0.0001	0.1634	0.0338	<0.0001

^*Estimated β coeficient represents the change in log-Gal3 between exam 1 and 2 in the presence of the trait at exam 1 (dichotomous variables) or per 1 standard deviation of the trait at exam 1 (continuous variables)

^†Step-wise selection forced age, sex, and baseline galectin-3 in the model and selected from all remaining variables listed in Table 2.

HDL, high-density lipoprotein; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HF, heart failure