Table 3.

Association between incident outcomes, baseline galectin-3 and longitudinal change in galectin-3

	Baseline Gal-3		Change in Gal-3
Outcome/Model	HR (95% CI)	P-value	HR (95% CI)	P-value
Incident heart failure
Age, sex, baseline Gal-3- adjusted	1.36 (1.10 - 1.68)	0.0037	1.60 (1.34-1.93)	<0.0001
Multivariable- adjusted*	1.26 (1.00 - 1.59)	0.048	1.39 (1.13-1.71)	0.0021
Incident cardiovascular disease
Age, sex, baseline Gal-3- adjusted	1.29 (1.12 - 1.50)	0.0006	1.40 (1.29-1.61)	<0.0001
Multivariable- adjusted*	1.20 (1.02 - 1.41)	0.0257	1.29 (1.11-1.51)	0.001
Mortality
Age, sex, baseline Gal-3- adjusted	1.38 (1.23 - 1.55)	<0.0001	1.38 (1.25-1.52)	<0.0001
Multivariable- adjusted*	1.42 (1.25 - 1.60)	<0.0001	1.30 (1.17 - 1.46)	<0.0001

^*Multivariable models adjusted for baseline galectin-3 levels, age, sex, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive treatment, diabetes, body mass index, smoking, left ventricular hypertrophy, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) to cholesterol ratio, estimated glomerular filtration rate, prevalent cardiovascular disease (except for CVD model). Mortality analysis also adjusted for prevalent heart failure.

^†Hazard ratio and 95% confidence intervals for 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in log-Gal3 levels over a 10-year period. This corresponds to 3.3 ng/ml change in Gal-3.