1. Comparison 1 ‐ Any form of one‐to‐one oral hygiene advice (OHA) versus no OHA.
| Hetland 1982 | |||||||||
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Intervention: OHA provided by dental nurse Frequency: 3 intervention visits with OHA, each visit 1 week apart Intensity: 45 minutes first visit, 30 minutes at second visit, 15 minutes at third visit Control: no OHA (Adults; primary care setting) | |||||||||
| Endpoint | Gingivitis (GI) | Plaque (visible plaque after staining) | Caries (DMFT) | ||||||
| OHA | No OHA | OHA | No OHA | No summary statistics or effect estimates reported. Authors report "Only small and statistically insignificant changes occurred in the 3 groups during the experimental period" | |||||
| n Mean (SD) |
n Mean (SD) |
MD (95% CI) |
n Mean (SD) |
n Mean (SD) |
MD (95% CI) |
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| 3 months | n = 23 1.63 (0.23) |
n = 25 1.38 (0.41) |
0.25 (0.05 to 0.45) |
n = 23 0.21 (0.19) |
n = 25 0.62 (0.28) |
‐0.41 (‐0.54 to ‐0.28) | |||
| 6 months | 23 0.98 (0.39) |
25 1.36 (0.46) |
‐0.38 (‐0.62 to ‐0.14) |
n = 23 0.22 (0.19) |
n = 25 0.66 (0.24) |
‐0.44 (‐0.56 to ‐0.32) | |||
| Hoogstraten 1983 | |||||||||
|
Intervention: OHA provided by dental hygienist with or without film (combined groups). (For info, the 2 relevant arms of this study also appear in Comparison 4 enhanced OHA) Frequency: not fully reported Intensity: not fully reported Control: no OHA (Adults; primary care setting) | |||||||||
| Endpoint | Gingivitis | Plaque | Caries | ||||||
| 12 months | Outcome not measured | Outcome not measured | Outcome not measured | ||||||
| Hugoson 2007 | |||||||||
|
Intervention: preventive care instruction by hygienist Frequency: OHA provided 3 endpoints in 4 visits Intensity: approximately 125 minutes Control: no OHA (Adults; mixed public dental/primary care setting) | |||||||||
| Endpoint |
Gingivitis (Full mouth number of sites with gingivitis) |
Plaque (Plaque index score) |
Caries | ||||||
| OHA | No OHA | OHA | No OHA | Outcome not measured | |||||
| n Mean (SD) |
n Mean (SD) |
MD (95% CI) | n Mean (SD) |
n Mean (SD) |
MD (95% CI) | ||||
| 12 months | n = 98 22.2 (18.1) |
n = 97 30.2 (16.5) |
‐8.00 (‐12.86 to ‐3.14) |
n = 98 29.9 (25.2) |
n = 97 42.9 (23.9) |
‐13.00 (‐19.89 to ‐6.11) | |||
| 24 months | n = 97 19.0 (17.7) |
n = 96 26.7 (18.2) |
‐7.70 (‐12.77 to ‐2.63) |
n = 97 24.4 (23.1) |
n = 96 39.4 (24.1) |
‐15.00 (‐21.66 to ‐8.34) | |||
| 36 months | 93 19.4 (17.4) |
94 28.5 (17.0) |
‐9.10 (‐14.03 to ‐4.17) |
n = 93 24.5 (23.6) |
n = 94 37.6 (24.3) |
‐13.10 (‐19.97 to ‐6.23) | |||
| Memarpour 2016 | |||||||||
|
Intervention: OHA provided by dentist plus pamphlet Frequency: 2 'intervention' visits and 3 review visits Intensity: 30 minutes to 40 minutes Control: no OHA (Infants; primary care setting) | |||||||||
| Endpoint | Gingivitis | Plaque | Caries (proportion of infants developing caries) | ||||||
| Outcome not measured | Outcome not measured | OHA | No OHA | ||||||
| n events/n participants | n events/n participants | RR (95% CI) | |||||||
| 4 months | 2/97 | 3/96 |
0.66 (0.11 to 3.86) |
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| 8 months | 3/94 | 15/94 |
0.20 (0.06 to 0.67) |
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| 12 months | 4/85 | 29/88 |
0.14 (0.05 to 0.39) |
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CI = confidence interval; DMFT = number of decayed, missing or filled permanent teeth; GI = gingival index (Löe 1963); MD = mean difference; n = number; OHA = oral hygiene advice; RR = risk ratio; SD = standard deviation.