3. Comparison 3 ‐ Self‐management versus professional OHA.
| Aljafari 2017 | |||||||||
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Intervention: computer game group: the child and parent played the computer game on a touch tablet and received a copy of it on a DVD to play at home Frequency: 1‐off in clinic and thereafter delivered at home Intensity: not reported Control: the child and parent received verbal oral health education from a dental nurse with a health education qualification Frequency: 1‐off intervention Intensity: not reported (High caries risk children; secondary care setting) | |||||||||
| Endpoint | Gingivitis | Plaque | Caries | ||||||
| Outcome not measured | Outcome not measured | Outcome not measured | |||||||
| Baab 1986 | |||||||||
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Intervention: OHA using a self‐inspection plaque index Frequency: 5 visits with repeated OHA Intensity: 30 minutes Control: traditional instruction using professional monitoring of disclosed plaque provided by the hygienist Frequency: 5 visits with repeated OHA Intensity: 30 minutes (Adults; secondary care setting) | |||||||||
| Endpoint | Gingivitis (BOP) | Plaque (O'Leary) | Caries (DMFT) | ||||||
| 3 months | No numerical data reported | No numerical data reported | Outcome not measured | ||||||
| 6 months | |||||||||
| Glavind 1985 | |||||||||
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Intervention: self‐examination manual and self‐instruction in OHA manual Frequency: 2 visits, 1 with OHA Intensity: not reported Control: OHA provided by dentist Frequency: 2 visits, 1 with OHA Intensity: 25 minutes to 30 minutes (Adults; primary care setting) | |||||||||
| Endpoint | Gingivitis (mean percentage of presence of gingival bleeding) | Plaque (mean percentage of presence of plaque) | Caries | ||||||
| 3 months | No numerical data reported | No numerical data reported | Outcome not measured | ||||||
| 6 months | |||||||||
| Jönsson 2006 | |||||||||
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Intervention: Client Self‐Care Commitment Model Frequency: 4 visits in total, 3 visits with OHA Intensity: not reported Control: OHA provided by the hygienist Frequency: 3 visits in total, 2 visits with OHA Intensity: not reported (Adults, receiving periodontal therapy; secondary care setting) | |||||||||
| Endpoint | Gingivitis (GI) | Plaque (PI) | Caries | ||||||
| Self‐care | Professional | Self‐care | Professional | Outcome not measured | |||||
| n Mean (SD) |
n Mean (SD) |
MD (95% CI) | n Mean (SD) |
n Mean (SD) |
MD (95% CI) | ||||
| 3 months | 19 0.38 (0.20) |
16 0.39 (0.14) |
0.01 (‐0.12 to 0.10) | 19 0.25 (0.11) |
16 0.33 (0.11) |
‐0.08 (‐0.15 to ‐0.01) | |||
| López‐Jornet 2014 | |||||||||
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Intervention: motivational – behavioural skills protocol provided by the dental care professional Frequency: 4 visits Intensity: "which required a longer time" Control: instruction in conventional oral hygiene procedures Frequency: 4 visits Intensity: 20 minutes (Adults with hyposalivation; secondary care setting) | |||||||||
| Endpoint | Gingivitis (not specified) | Plaque (modified QHI) | Caries | ||||||
| Theory‐based | Conventional | Theory‐based | Conventional | Outcome not measured | |||||
| n Mean (SD) |
n Mean (SD) |
MD (95% CI) | n Mean (SD) |
n Mean (SD) |
MD (95% CI) | ||||
| 2 months | 30 18.4 (25.8) |
30 6.1 (13.4) |
12.30 (1.90 to 22.70) | 30 0.2 (0.1) |
30 0.3 (0.2) |
‐0.10 (‐0.18 to ‐0.02) | |||
BOP = bleeding on probing; CI = confidence interval; DMFT = number of decayed, missing or filled permanent teeth; GI = gingival index (Löe 1963); MD = mean difference; modified QHI = Turesky Modified Quigley and Hein plaque index; n = number; OHA = oral hygiene advice; O'Leary = disclosed plaque at the gingival margin (O'Leary 1972); PI = plaque index (Löe 1967); SD = standard deviation.