Kumar 2011.
Methods | Randomisation via simple randomisation Double‐blind Analysis by ITT unclear Balancing of prognostic baseline factors between treatment groups unclear |
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Participants | 1 centre in USA 14 participants with subacute (24 to 168 hours) unilateral hemispheric infarction Mean age 75 years |
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Interventions | Rx: anodal transcranial direct current stimulation C: sham stimulation For 5 consecutive days |
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Outcomes | Swallowing impairment using dysphagia outcome and severity scale | |
Notes | Exclusions: difficulty following instructions because of obtundation or cognitive impairment, pre‐existing swallowing problems; other contraindications to transcranial direct current stimulation | |
Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Randomisation via simple randomisation |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Unclear |
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Double‐blind |
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Double‐blind |
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Unclear |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Unclear |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | All outcomes reported and explained |
Other bias | Low risk | None identified |