Table 12:
Summary of activatable CEST agents.
| Responsive MRI probe | Stimulus | Ref. |
|---|---|---|
| Dihydrouracil | pH | 8 |
| Poly-L-lysine | pH | 591 |
| Iopamidol | pH | 449 |
| Iopromide | pH | 592 |
| Iobitridol | pH | 590 |
| L-arginine filled liposomes | pH | 593 |
| Amine-based block copolymers | pH | 594 |
| Imidazoles | pH | 595 |
| Yb-DOTAM-Gly | pH | 600 |
| Yb-DOTAM-poly(propylene imine) dendrimers | pH | 604 |
| Tm-DOTAM-Gly-Lys | pH | 605 |
| Eu-DOTAM-Gly-phenol | pH | 606, 609 |
| Yb-DO3A-oAA | pH | 603 |
| Yb-HPDO3A | pH | 610 |
| Pyridine-Ln-DOTP-tButyl (ParaSHIFT) | pH | 613 |
| Fe(II)-2-amino-6-picolyl-cyclen | pH | 612 |
| DEVD-Tm-DOTA | caspase-3 | 655 |
| Cbz-GGR-Tm-DOTA | urokinase plasminogen activator | 657 |
| Yb-DOTA-β-galactose | β-galactosidase | 659 |
| Yb-DO3A-oAA-TML-ester | esterase | 661 |
| Yb-DO3A-oAA-TML-Q | DT-diaphorase | 661 |
| TM-DO3A-cadaverine | transglutaminase | 662 |
| Cytosine | cytosine deaminase | 663 |
| F5C | cytosine deaminase | 663 |
| (LRRASLG)8 | Protein Kinase A | 664 |
| (Phe-Arg)-4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid | Cathepsin B | 665 |
| Salicylic acid derivatives | sulfatase or alkaline phosphatase | 666–667 |
| Salicylic acid derivatives | Simultaneous detection: esterase and sulfatase | 666–668 |
| Yb-DO3A-oAA | NO | 691 |
| Eu-DOTAM-N-methylqunolinium | NADH | 692 |
| Eu-DOTAM-anthryl | 1O2 | 201 |
| Eu-DOTAM-nitroxide | hypoxia | 184 |
| Gd(III) modified liposomes | reducing environment | 695 |
| Eu(2.2.2)-liposomes | oxidation | 405 |
| Triazamacrocyclic cobalt complex | oxidation/reduction | 693 |
| Eu-DOTAM-BPEN | Zn(II) | 703 |
| Yb-DOTA-tetraamide-iminodiacetate | Ca(II)/Mg(II) | 711 |
| polymeric Eu-DOTAM derivative | DNA | 737 |