Abbreviation	Explanation
ADA	American Diabetes Association
ALAT	Alanine aminotransferase
ASAT	Aspartate transaminase
BG	Blood glucose
BMI	Body mass index
BW	Body weight
CI	Confidence interval
FG	Fasting glucose
FBG	Fasting blood glucose
FINDRISC	Finnish Diabetes Risk Score
FPG	Fasting plasma glucose
G6PD	Glucose‐6‐P‐dehydrogenase test
HbA1c	Glycosylated haemoglobin A1c
HbA1c5.7	Intermediate hyperglycaemia with HbA1c level 5.7%‐6.4% at baseline (HbA1c 5.7% threshold)
HbA1c6.0	Intermediate hyperglycaemia with HbA1c level 6.0%‐6.4% at baseline (HbA1c 6.0% threshold)
h‐CRP	High‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein
HOMA‐B(eta)	Homeostatic model assessment beta‐cell function
HOMA‐IR	Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance
HR	Hazard ratio
ICTRP	International Clinical Trials Registry Platform
IEC	International Expert Committee
IFG	Impaired fasting glucose
IFG5.6	Intermediate hyperglycaemia with impaired fasting plasma glucose level 5.6–6.9 mmol/L at baseline (IFG 5.6 mmol/L threshold)
IFG6.1	Intermediate hyperglycaemia with impaired fasting plasma glucose level 6.1–6.9 mmol/L at baseline (IFG 6.1 mmol/L threshold)
IFG/IGT	Combination of both IFG and IGT
i‐IFG	Isolated IFG
IGT	Impaired glucose tolerance (intermediate hyperglycaemia defined by IGT: plasma glucose 7.8–11.1 mmol/L 2 hours after a 75 g OGTT at baseline)
i‐IGT	Isolated IGT
IQR	Interquartile range
IRR	Incidence rate ratio
JDS	Japanese Diabetes Society
M	Men
NCEP	National cholesterol education program
NDDG	National Diabetes Data Group
NGSP	National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program
NGT	Normal glucose tolerance
OGTT	Oral glucose tolerance test
OR	Odds ratio
PG	Postload glucose
QUIPS	Quality In Prognosis Studies tool
ROC	Receiver operating characteristics
RR	Risk ratio, relative risk
SD	Standard deviation
SE	Standard error
T2DM	Type 2 diabetes mellitus
W	Women
WHO	World Health Organization
γ‐GT	Gamma‐glutamyl transferase/transpeptidase