| Name of study |
None |
| Inclusion criteria |
Individuals who participated in comprehensive health check‐ups annually for 5 years |
| Exclusion criteria |
Anaemia with a haemoglobin level < 7.4 mmol/L; self‐reported diabetes and undiagnosed diabetes (FPG concentration 7.0 mmol/l or HbA1c 6.5%; absence of HbA1c data at any visit |
| Notes |
Baseline data for total cohort |
| Risk of bias |
| Bias |
Authors' judgement |
Support for judgement |
| Study participation: description of source population or population of interest |
Low risk |
Participants partially undergoing annual or biannual health check‐ups (Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Total,Healthcare Center) |
| Study participation: description of glycaemic status at baseline |
Low risk |
Yes |
| Study participation: adequate description of sampling frame & recruitment |
Unclear risk |
Scarce data |
| Study participation: adequate description of period & recruitment place |
Low risk |
Yes |
| Study participation: adequate description of inclusion & exclusion criteria |
Low risk |
Inclusion and exclusion criteria described |
| Study attrition: description of attempts to collect information on participants who dropped out |
Unclear risk |
Not reported |
| Study attrition: reasons for loss to follow‐up provided |
Low risk |
Yes |
| Study attrition: adequate description of participants lost to follow‐up |
Low risk |
Yes |
| Study attrition: no important differences between participants who completed the study and those who did not |
Unclear risk |
Not reported |
| Glycaemic status measurement: provision of clear definition or description of glycaemic status |
Low risk |
HbA1c5.7 and HbA1c6.0
|
| Glycaemic status measurement: valid and reliable method of glycaemic status measurement |
Low risk |
Yes |
| Glycaemic status measurement: continuous variables reported or appropriate cut points used |
Unclear risk |
Normal reference for HbA1c: < 5 |
| Glycaemic status measurement: same method and setting of measurement of the glycaemic status for all study participants |
Low risk |
Yes |
| Outcome measurement: clear definition of the outcome provided |
Low risk |
FPG ≥ 7.0; HbA1c ≥ 6.5; history of diabetes; antihyperglycaemic medication |
| Outcome measurement: method of outcome measurement used valid & reliable |
Low risk |
Yes |
| Outcome measurement: same method & setting of outcome measurement for all study participants |
Low risk |
Yes |
| Study confounding: important confounders measured |
Unclear risk |
2 covariates measured: age and sex |
| Study confounding: clear definitions of important confounders provided |
Low risk |
Yes |
| Study confounding: measurement of confounders valid & reliable |
Low risk |
Yes |
| Study confounding: same method & setting for measurements of confounders for all study participants |
Low risk |
Yes |
| Study confounding: appropriate methods used if missing confounder data imputed |
Unclear risk |
Not reported |
| Study confounding: important potential confounders accounted for in study design |
Unclear risk |
2 covariates included: age and sex |
| Study confounding: important potential confounders accounted for in the analysis |
Unclear risk |
2 covariates analysed: age and sex |
| Statistical analysis & reporting: sufficient presentation of data to assess adequacy of the analytic strategy |
Low risk |
Cumulative incidence, incidence rate, hazard ratio |
| Statistical analysis & reporting: the statistical model is adequate for the design of the study |
Unclear risk |
Kaplan‐Meier method, Cox proportional hazard analysis (2 covariates), ROC analysis |
