| 1 Preterm birth (< 37 weeks) |
27 |
10304 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.88 [0.81, 0.97] |
| 1.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
18 |
7608 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.90 [0.80, 1.01] |
| 1.2 Omega‐3 supplements/enrichment + food/diet advice |
3 |
516 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.73 [0.41, 1.29] |
| 1.3 Omega‐3 food/diet advice |
1 |
48 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.11 [0.01, 2.22] |
| 1.4 Omega‐3 supplements + other agents |
6 |
2132 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.89 [0.76, 1.04] |
| 2 Early preterm birth (< 34 weeks) |
9 |
5204 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.58 [0.44, 0.77] |
| 2.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
8 |
4234 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.62 [0.46, 0.82] |
| 2.2 Omega‐3 supplements + other agents |
1 |
970 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.19 [0.04, 0.88] |
| 3 Prolonged gestation (> 42 weeks) |
6 |
5141 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.61 [1.11, 2.33] |
| 3.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
5 |
4953 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.59 [1.09, 2.31] |
| 3.2 Omega‐3 supplements + food/diet advice |
1 |
188 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
3.13 [0.13, 75.84] |
| 4 Maternal death |
4 |
4830 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.69 [0.07, 39.30] |
| 4.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
3 |
4782 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 4.2 Omega‐3 food/diet advice |
1 |
48 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.69 [0.07, 39.30] |
| 5 Pre‐eclampsia (hypertension with proteinuria) |
21 |
8306 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.84 [0.69, 1.01] |
| 5.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
13 |
5825 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.95 [0.76, 1.19] |
| 5.2 Omega‐3 supplements/enrichment + food/dietary advice |
2 |
328 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.65 [0.25, 1.69] |
| 5.3 Omega‐3 supplements + other agents |
6 |
2153 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.58 [0.39, 0.88] |
| 6 High blood pressure (without proteinuria) |
7 |
4531 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.03 [0.89, 1.20] |
| 6.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
6 |
4431 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.05 [0.90, 1.22] |
| 6.2 Omega‐3 supplements + other agents |
1 |
100 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.69 [0.33, 1.47] |
| 7 Eclampsia |
1 |
100 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.14 [0.01, 2.70] |
| 7.1 Omega‐3 supplements + other agents |
1 |
100 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.14 [0.01, 2.70] |
| 8 Maternal antepartum hospitalisation |
5 |
2876 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.92 [0.81, 1.04] |
| 8.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
4 |
2817 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.92 [0.82, 1.04] |
| 8.2 Omega‐3 supplementation + other agents |
1 |
59 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.21 [0.01, 4.13] |
| 9 Mother's length of stay in hospital (days) |
2 |
2290 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.18 [‐0.20, 0.57] |
| 9.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
2 |
2290 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.18 [‐0.20, 0.57] |
| 10 Maternal anaemia |
1 |
846 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.16 [0.91, 1.48] |
| 10.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
1 |
846 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.16 [0.91, 1.48] |
| 11 Miscarriage (< 24 weeks) |
9 |
4190 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.07 [0.80, 1.43] |
| 11.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
8 |
3049 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.95 [0.56, 1.60] |
| 11.2 Omega‐3 supplements + other agents |
1 |
1141 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.14 [0.80, 1.61] |
| 12 Antepartum vaginal bleeding |
2 |
2151 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.01 [0.69, 1.48] |
| 12.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
2 |
2151 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.01 [0.69, 1.48] |
| 13 Preterm prelabour rupture of membranes |
3 |
925 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.53 [0.25, 1.10] |
| 13.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
2 |
670 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.61 [0.28, 1.34] |
| 13.2 Omega‐3 supplementation/enrichment + food/diet advice |
1 |
255 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.24 [0.03, 2.15] |
| 14 Prelabour rupture of membranes |
3 |
915 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.41 [0.21, 0.82] |
| 14.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
1 |
369 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.54 [0.14, 2.11] |
| 14.2 Omega‐3 supplementation/enrichment + food/diet advice |
2 |
546 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.38 [0.17, 0.85] |
| 15 Maternal admission to intensive care |
2 |
2458 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.56 [0.12, 2.63] |
| 15.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
1 |
2399 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.00 [0.14, 7.12] |
| 15.2 Omega‐3 supplements + other agent |
1 |
59 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.21 [0.01, 4.13] |
| 16 Maternal severe adverse effects (including cessation) |
8 |
4177 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.02 [0.59, 1.75] |
| 16.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
7 |
3886 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.01 [0.54, 1.87] |
| 16.2 Omega‐3 supplementation/enrichment + food/diet advice |
1 |
291 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.05 [0.35, 3.18] |
| 17 Caesarean section |
29 |
8481 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.97 [0.91, 1.03] |
| 17.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
19 |
6537 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.98 [0.92, 1.06] |
| 17.2 Omega‐3 supplements/enrichment +food/diet advice |
4 |
574 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.87 [0.63, 1.19] |
| 17.3 Omega‐3 food/diet advice |
1 |
107 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.91 [0.38, 2.17] |
| 17.4 Omega‐3 supplements + other agents |
5 |
1263 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.88 [0.72, 1.08] |
| 18 Induction (post‐term) |
3 |
2900 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.82 [0.22, 2.98] |
| 18.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
2 |
2712 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.82 [0.22, 2.98] |
| 18.2 Omega‐3 supplements + food/diet advice |
1 |
188 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 19 Blood loss at birth (mL) |
6 |
2776 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
11.50 [‐6.75, 29.76] |
| 19.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
5 |
2588 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
11.64 [‐8.89, 32.17] |
| 19.2 Omega‐3 supplements + food/diet advice |
1 |
188 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
11.0 [‐28.91, 50.91] |
| 20 Postpartum haemorrhage |
4 |
4085 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.03 [0.82, 1.30] |
| 20.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
3 |
3233 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.97 [0.71, 1.34] |
| 20.2 Omega‐3 supplements + other agent |
1 |
852 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.11 [0.79, 1.57] |
| 21 Gestational diabetes |
12 |
5235 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.02 [0.83, 1.26] |
| 21.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
7 |
3726 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.02 [0.80, 1.30] |
| 21.2 Omega‐3 supplements/enrichment + food/diet advice |
4 |
595 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.66 [0.33, 1.34] |
| 21.3 Omega‐3 supplements + other agents |
2 |
914 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.34 [0.80, 2.24] |
| 22 Maternal insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) |
3 |
176 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.85 [‐2.50, 0.80] |
| 22.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
2 |
116 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.25 [‐1.94, 1.44] |
| 22.2 Omega‐3 supplements + other agents |
1 |
60 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐2.0 [‐3.10, ‐0.90] |
| 23 Excessive gestational weight gain |
1 |
350 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.21 [0.95, 1.55] |
| 23.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
1 |
350 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.21 [0.95, 1.55] |
| 24 Gestational weight gain (kg) |
11 |
2297 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.05 [‐0.68, 0.59] |
| 24.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
6 |
955 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.22 [‐1.47, 1.03] |
| 24.2 Omega‐3 supplements/enrichment + food/diet advice |
3 |
313 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.11 [‐0.99, 0.78] |
| 24.3 Omega‐3 supplements + other agents |
2 |
1029 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.43 [‐0.08, 0.95] |
| 25 Depression during pregnancy: scores |
5 |
|
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 25.1 Omega‐3 supplements only: BDI |
2 |
104 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
‐5.86 [‐8.32, ‐3.39] |
| 25.2 Omega‐3 supplements only: HAMD |
3 |
71 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
‐1.08 [‐3.35, 1.19] |
| 25.3 Omega‐3 supplements only: EPDS |
4 |
122 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
‐0.15 [‐2.09, 1.79] |
| 25.4 Omega‐3 supplements only: MADRS |
1 |
26 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
‐1.60 [‐7.80, 4.60] |
| 26 Depression during pregnancy: thresholds |
3 |
|
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 26.1 Omega‐3 supplements only: HAMD 50% reduction (after 8 weeks) |
1 |
24 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
2.26 [0.78, 6.49] |
| 26.2 Omega‐3 supplements only: HAMD ≤ 7 |
1 |
24 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
2.12 [0.51, 8.84] |
| 26.3 Omega‐3 supplements only: unspecified |
1 |
301 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
2.39 [0.47, 12.11] |
| 26.4 Omega‐3 supplements only: EPDS ≥ 11 |
1 |
34 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.4 [0.55, 3.55] |
| 27 Depressive symptoms postpartum: thresholds |
4 |
|
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 27.1 Omega‐3 supplements only: PDSS ≥80 |
1 |
42 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.37 [0.04, 3.25] |
| 27.2 Omega‐3 supplements only: EPDS |
2 |
2431 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.89 [0.71, 1.12] |
| 27.3 Omega‐3 supplements only: major depressive disorder |
1 |
118 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.33 [0.27, 6.56] |
| 28 Depressive symptoms postpartum: scores |
2 |
|
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 28.1 Omega‐3 supplements only: BD: 6‐8 weeks postpartum |
1 |
118 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.25 [‐1.93, 2.43] |
| 28.2 Omega‐3 supplements only: PDSS total (LS over 6 months) |
1 |
42 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
‐6.08 [‐12.42, 0.26] |
| 29 Length of gestation (days) |
43 |
12517 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
1.65 [0.94, 2.37] |
| 29.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
29 |
9290 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
1.67 [0.76, 2.59] |
| 29.2 Omega‐3 supplements/enrichment + food/diet advice |
6 |
680 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
2.45 [‐0.14, 5.04] |
| 29.3 Omega‐3 food/diet advice |
1 |
107 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
5.00 [0.64, 9.36] |
| 29.4 Omega‐3 supplements + other agents |
8 |
2440 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
1.04 [0.05, 2.03] |
| 30 Perinatal death |
10 |
7416 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.75 [0.54, 1.03] |
| 30.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
8 |
6496 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.71 [0.48, 1.03] |
| 30.2 Omega‐3 supplements + other agents |
2 |
920 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.87 [0.47, 1.62] |
| 31 Stillbirth |
16 |
7880 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.94 [0.62, 1.42] |
| 31.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
13 |
7693 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.92 [0.60, 1.42] |
| 31.2 Omega‐3 supplements + food/diet advice |
1 |
79 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.33 [0.01, 7.75] |
| 31.3 Omega‐3 food/diet advice |
1 |
48 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.69 [0.07, 39.30] |
| 31.4 Omega‐3 supplements + other agents |
1 |
60 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
3.0 [0.13, 70.83] |
| 32 Neonatal death |
9 |
7448 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.61 [0.34, 1.11] |
| 32.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
9 |
7448 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.61 [0.34, 1.11] |
| 33 Infant death |
4 |
3239 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.74 [0.25, 2.19] |
| 33.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
4 |
3239 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.74 [0.25, 2.19] |
| 34 Large‐for‐gestational age |
5 |
3602 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.20 [1.01, 1.43] |
| 34.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
2 |
2518 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.19 [0.99, 1.43] |
| 34.2 Omega‐3 supplements + food/diet advice |
1 |
188 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.23 [0.48, 3.17] |
| 34.3 Omega‐3 supplements + other agent |
2 |
896 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.28 [0.72, 2.29] |
| 35 Macrosomia |
7 |
2008 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.69 [0.43, 1.13] |
| 35.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
5 |
1904 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.80 [0.47, 1.36] |
| 35.2 Omega‐3 supplements + other agent |
2 |
104 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.31 [0.08, 1.23] |
| 36 Low birthweight (< 2500 g) |
15 |
8449 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.90 [0.82, 0.99] |
| 36.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
10 |
6214 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.96 [0.86, 1.07] |
| 36.2 Omega‐3 supplements/enrichment + food/diet advice |
2 |
328 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.66 [0.34, 1.26] |
| 36.3 Omega‐3 supplements + other agents |
3 |
1907 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.77 [0.62, 0.95] |
| 37 Small‐for‐gestational age/IUGR |
8 |
6907 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.01 [0.90, 1.13] |
| 37.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
5 |
5041 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.05 [0.93, 1.20] |
| 37.2 Omega‐3 supplements + other agents |
3 |
1866 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.80 [0.59, 1.09] |
| 38 Birthweight (g) |
44 |
11584 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
75.74 [38.05, 113.43] |
| 38.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
31 |
8522 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
59.41 [23.23, 95.59] |
| 38.2 Omega‐3 supplements/enrichment + food/diet advice |
6 |
859 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
129.42 [49.52, 209.31] |
| 38.3 Omega‐3 food/diet advice |
1 |
107 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐17.0 [‐190.97, 156.97] |
| 38.4 Omega‐3 supplements + other agents |
6 |
2096 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
69.14 [‐72.81, 211.10] |
| 39 Birthweight Z score |
4 |
2792 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.06 [‐0.02, 0.13] |
| 39.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
3 |
2677 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.06 [‐0.01, 0.14] |
| 39.2 Omega‐3 supplements + other agent |
1 |
115 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.00 [‐0.21, 0.21] |
| 40 Birth length (cm) |
29 |
8008 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.13 [‐0.08, 0.34] |
| 40.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
20 |
6010 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.21 [‐0.03, 0.45] |
| 40.2 Omega‐3 supplements/enrichment + food/diet advice |
4 |
606 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.42 [‐0.01, 0.85] |
| 40.3 Omega‐3 food/diet advice |
1 |
123 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.10 [‐0.56, 0.36] |
| 40.4 Omega‐3 supplements + other agent |
4 |
1269 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.51 [‐0.78, ‐0.23] |
| 41 Length at birth Z score |
2 |
2462 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.18 [‐0.18, 0.54] |
| 41.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
2 |
2462 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.18 [‐0.18, 0.54] |
| 42 Head circumference at birth (cm) |
23 |
7041 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.10 [0.01, 0.18] |
| 42.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
16 |
5442 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.07 [‐0.03, 0.17] |
| 42.2 Omega‐3 supplements/enrichment + food/diet advice |
3 |
418 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.34 [0.03, 0.65] |
| 42.3 Omega‐3 food/diet advice only |
1 |
107 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
‐0.20 [‐0.75, 0.35] |
| 42.4 Omega‐3 supplements + other agent |
3 |
1074 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.15 [‐0.06, 0.35] |
| 43 Head circumference at birth Z score |
2 |
2462 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
‐0.03 [‐0.14, 0.07] |
| 43.1 Omega‐3 supplementation only |
2 |
2462 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
‐0.03 [‐0.14, 0.07] |
| 44 Baby admitted to neonatal care |
9 |
6920 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.92 [0.83, 1.03] |
| 44.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
5 |
5692 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.90 [0.79, 1.02] |
| 44.2 Omega‐3 supplements/enrichment + food/diet advice |
2 |
328 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.89 [0.54, 1.50] |
| 44.3 Omega‐3 supplements + other agents |
2 |
900 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.01 [0.81, 1.26] |
| 45 Infant length of stay in hospital (days) |
1 |
2041 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.11 [‐1.40, 1.62] |
| 45.1 Omega‐3 supplementation only |
1 |
2041 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.11 [‐1.40, 1.62] |
| 46 Congenital anomalies |
3 |
1807 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.08 [0.61, 1.92] |
| 46.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
3 |
1807 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.08 [0.61, 1.92] |
| 47 Retinopathy of prematurity |
1 |
837 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.20 [0.32, 4.44] |
| 47.1 Omega‐3 supplementation + other agent only |
1 |
837 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.20 [0.32, 4.44] |
| 48 Bronchopulmonary dysplasia |
2 |
3191 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.06 [0.45, 2.48] |
| 48.1 Omega‐3 supplementation only |
1 |
2363 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.50 [0.09, 2.71] |
| 48.2 Omega‐3 supplementation + other agent |
1 |
828 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.42 [0.51, 3.96] |
| 49 Respiratory distress syndrome |
2 |
1129 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.17 [0.54, 2.52] |
| 49.1 Omega‐3 supplementation only |
1 |
301 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.72 [0.31, 1.65] |
| 49.2 Omega‐3 supplementation + other agent |
1 |
828 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.60 [1.08, 2.37] |
| 50 Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) |
2 |
3198 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.97 [0.26, 3.55] |
| 50.1 Omega‐3 supplementation only |
1 |
2361 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
2.98 [0.12, 73.13] |
| 50.2 Omega‐3 supplementation + other agent |
1 |
837 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.72 [0.16, 3.20] |
| 51 Neonatal sepsis (proven) |
3 |
3788 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.97 [0.44, 2.14] |
| 51.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
3 |
3788 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.97 [0.44, 2.14] |
| 52 Convulsion |
1 |
2361 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.09 [0.01, 1.63] |
| 52.1 Omega‐3 supplementation only |
1 |
2361 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.09 [0.01, 1.63] |
| 53 Intraventricular haemorrhage |
3 |
5423 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.00 [0.29, 3.49] |
| 53.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
2 |
4586 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.59 [0.02, 16.16] |
| 53.2 Omega‐3 supplementation + other agent |
1 |
837 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.07 [0.44, 2.60] |
| 54 Neonatal/infant serious adverse events |
2 |
2690 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.72 [0.53, 0.99] |
| 54.1 Omega‐3 supplementation |
1 |
2399 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.67 [0.44, 1.01] |
| 54.2 Omega‐3 supplements/enrichment + food/diet advice |
1 |
291 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.81 [0.50, 1.31] |
| 55 Neonatal/infant morbidity: cardiovascular |
1 |
291 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.20 [0.85, 1.69] |
| 55.1 Omega‐3 supplements/enrichment + food/diet advice |
1 |
291 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.20 [0.85, 1.69] |
| 56 Neonatal/infant morbidity: respiratory |
1 |
291 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.02 [0.66, 1.57] |
| 56.1 Omega‐3 supplements/enrichment + food/diet advice |
1 |
291 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.02 [0.66, 1.57] |
| 57 Neonatal/infant morbidity: caused by pregnancy/birth |
1 |
291 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.02 [0.67, 1.55] |
| 57.1 Omega‐3 supplements/enrichment + food/diet advice |
1 |
291 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.02 [0.67, 1.55] |
| 58 Ponderal index |
6 |
887 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.05 [‐0.01, 0.11] |
| 58.1 Omega‐3 supplements only |
5 |
699 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.04 [‐0.04, 0.11] |
| 58.2 Omega‐3 supplements + food/diet advice |
1 |
188 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.08 [0.01, 0.15] |
