Ranjkesh 2011.

Methods	RCT: IRCT138706061113N1
Participants	100 women Inclusion criteria: women with risk of PE (primiparous women, aged < 20 years and > 40 years, previous history of PE or a positive family history, twin pregnancy, BMI > 29, history of renal disease and hypertension), not using any anticoagulant or antihypertension drugs at the time of entering the study Exclusion criteria: none specified Setting: Qazvin city, Iran
Interventions	SUPPLEMENTATION: omega‐3 (EPA + DHA) versus placebo Group 1: omega‐3 (EPA + DHA ‐ individual doses not specified), 1 g daily: n = 50 Group 2: placebo (starch): n = 50 Timing of supplementation: from 14‐18 weeks GA to end of pregnancy DHA + EPA dose/day: unclear
Outcomes	Women/birth: BP (mmHg); PE, hypertension, caesarean birth; birthweight Babies/infants/children: Apgar score at 5 minutes
Notes	Funding: not reported Declarations of interest: not reported
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Quote: “randomly divided”
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Quote: “randomly divided”
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Described both as single‐ and double‐blind; placebo‐controlled so probably done.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not reported
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	No losses to follow‐up reported.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Some outcomes not fully reported.
Other bias	Low risk	Baseline characteristics were similar.