Maki 1987.

Methods	Randomized controlled trial
Participants	487 patients in the general surgical, medical oncology, surgical ICU and Centre for Trauma and Life Support. Acute care hospital, USA
Interventions	Administration set changes at 48 or 72 hours
Outcomes	IR‐BSI All‐cause BSI
Notes	Exclusions: patients with granulocytopenia Central catheters: 56% PN: 12% Loss to follow‐up: not stated
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Quote: "was randomized" (p. 1778)
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not discussed
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not discussed, not feasible because of study design
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not discussed, not feasible because of study design
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Outcome blinding possible but not discussed
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Minimal attrition information provided; no mention of numbers randomly assigned or any missing data Inaccurate reporting in results section between Table 1 (participant number = 487; AS number = 1374) and text quote: "1479 patient IV infusions were studied" (p. 1778)
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	No IR‐BSI reported No pre‐protocol
Other bias	Unclear risk	Not independent units of measure (i.e. per AS, not per participant)