1 Severe hypertension |
10 |
692 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.18 [0.95, 1.48] |
1.1 Methyldopa versus beta blocker |
9 |
592 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.36 [1.08, 1.71] |
1.2 Calcium channel blocker versus beta blocker |
1 |
100 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.47 [0.21, 1.05] |
2 Proteinuria/pre‐eclampsia |
12 |
1107 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.21 [0.88, 1.67] |
2.1 Methyldopa versus beta blockers |
10 |
903 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.22 [0.86, 1.72] |
2.2 Calcium channel blocker versus beta blocker |
2 |
204 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.89 [0.19, 4.17] |
3 Total reported fetal or neonatal death (including miscarriage) |
19 |
1652 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.23 [0.81, 1.88] |
3.1 Methyldopa versus beta blockers |
16 |
1280 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.25 [0.67, 2.34] |
3.2 Calcium channel blokers versus beta blockers |
3 |
372 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.21 [0.68, 2.16] |
4 Small‐for‐gestational age |
7 |
680 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.13 [0.80, 1.60] |
4.1 Methyldopa versus beta blockers |
6 |
577 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.19 [0.76, 1.84] |
4.2 Calcium channel blockers versus beta blockers |
1 |
103 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.04 [0.59, 1.83] |
5 Preterm birth (< 37 weeks) |
9 |
806 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.22 [0.90, 1.67] |
5.1 Methyldopa versus beta blockers |
8 |
694 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.11 [0.77, 1.60] |
5.2 Calcium channel blockers versus beta blockers |
1 |
112 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.61 [0.87, 2.97] |
6 Maternal death |
1 |
112 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
6.1 Calcium channel blockers versus beta blockers |
1 |
112 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
7 Severe pre‐eclampsia |
1 |
311 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.87 [0.43, 1.77] |
7.1 Methyldopa versus beta blockers |
1 |
311 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.87 [0.43, 1.77] |
8 Eclampsia |
1 |
112 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
8.1 Calcium channel blockers versus beta blockers |
1 |
112 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
9 HELLP syndrome |
2 |
212 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.56 [0.12, 2.60] |
9.1 Calcium channel blockers versus beta blockers |
2 |
212 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.56 [0.12, 2.60] |
10 Pulmonary oedema |
1 |
112 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
10.1 Calcium channel blockers versus beta blockers |
1 |
112 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
11 Need for additional antihypertensive drug/s |
12 |
1065 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.15 [0.76, 1.75] |
11.1 Methyldopa versus beta blockers |
10 |
853 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.31 [0.78, 2.20] |
11.2 Calcium channel blockers versus beta blockers |
2 |
212 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.79 [0.31, 1.97] |
12 Elective delivery (induction of labour + elective caesarean section) |
6 |
553 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.01 [0.91, 1.12] |
12.1 Methyldopa versus beta blockers |
5 |
453 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.99 [0.89, 1.11] |
12.2 Calcium channel blockers versus beta blockers |
1 |
100 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.12 [0.87, 1.45] |
13 Caesarean section |
13 |
1344 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.03 [0.90, 1.17] |
13.1 Methyldopa versus beta blockers |
10 |
972 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.04 [0.88, 1.23] |
13.2 Calcium channel blockers versus beta blockers |
3 |
372 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.97 [0.72, 1.29] |
14 Induction of labour |
2 |
280 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.94 [0.68, 1.31] |
14.1 Methyldopa versus beta blockers |
1 |
120 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.0 [0.65, 1.53] |
14.2 Calcium channel blockers versus beta blockers |
1 |
160 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.87 [0.52, 1.45] |
15 Antenatal hospital admission |
2 |
275 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.78 [0.54, 5.90] |
15.1 Methyldopa versus beta blockers |
2 |
275 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.78 [0.54, 5.90] |
16 Placental abruption |
3 |
385 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.93 [0.14, 6.28] |
16.1 Methyldopa versus beta blockers |
1 |
173 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.49 [0.05, 5.35] |
16.2 Calcium channel blockers versus beta blockers |
2 |
212 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
2.90 [0.12, 69.62] |
17 Maternal side‐effects |
7 |
514 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.27 [0.64, 2.53] |
17.1 Methyldopa versus beta blockers |
5 |
302 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
4.55 [0.48, 43.24] |
17.2 Calcium channel blockers versus beta blockers |
2 |
212 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.72 [0.44, 1.17] |
18 Changed/stopped drugs due to maternal side‐effects |
6 |
484 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.64 [0.23, 1.80] |
18.1 Methyldopa versus beta blockers |
4 |
272 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.36 [0.01, 8.64] |
18.2 Calcium channel blockers versus beta blockers |
2 |
212 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.69 [0.23, 2.04] |
19 Admission to neonatal or intensive care nursery |
6 |
773 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.10 [0.84, 1.45] |
19.1 Methyldopa versus beta blockers |
4 |
571 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.09 [0.80, 1.49] |
19.2 Calcium channel blockers versus beta blockers |
2 |
202 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.14 [0.63, 2.05] |
20 Respiratory distress syndrome |
2 |
221 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.37 [0.71, 2.66] |
20.1 Methyldopa versus beta blockers |
1 |
118 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.17 [0.42, 3.26] |
20.2 Calcium channel blockers versus beta blockers |
1 |
103 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.54 [0.65, 3.66] |
21 Neonatal hypoglycaemia |
6 |
542 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.11 [0.62, 2.00] |
21.1 Methyldopa versus beta blockers |
5 |
439 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.01 [0.49, 2.11] |
21.2 Calcium channel blockers versus beta blockers |
1 |
103 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.31 [0.49, 3.50] |
22 Neonatal bradycardia |
2 |
146 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.33 [0.01, 8.02] |
22.1 Methyldopa versus beta blockers |
2 |
146 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.33 [0.01, 8.02] |
23 Neonatal jaundice |
2 |
146 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.95 [0.44, 2.09] |
23.1 Methyldopa versus beta blockers |
2 |
146 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.95 [0.44, 2.09] |