Wang 2012.
| Methods | Allocation: randomised Blinding: not addressed Location: inpatients, China Length of follow‐up: 24 weeks |
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| Participants | Diagnosis: schizophrenia (CCMD‐3) N = 72 Sex: 25 M, 47 F Age: mean ˜ 45.8 years, SD ˜ 14.3 years Included: length of illness: mean ˜ 8.04 years, SD ˜ 9.3 years; schizophrenia without severe physical disorder Excluded: not reported |
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| Interventions | 1. CBT group*: N = 36 Content: psychodeucation about symptoms and relapse. coping strategies to hallucination and delusions; cognitive modification Delivered by: 6 psychologists Frequency: 50 minutes for each session; once per week Treatment duration: 24 weeks 2. Standard care group: N = 36 Content: not reported Delivered: not reported Frequency: not reported Treatment duration: 24 weeks |
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| Outcomes | Engagement with services: refusing treatment Unable to use: The score of health relevant knowledge test ‐ not predefined outcome for this review |
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| Notes | *Participants in the CBT group also received the standard care intervention. | |
| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Quote: "Participants were randomly assigned..." (p.651). Comments: insufficient information about the sequence generation process to permit judgement of 'Low risk' or 'High risk' |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Comments: The method of concealment was not described. |
| Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | High risk | Comments: The author did not address this information. However, participants and personnel were not likely to be blinded because participants in the treatment group received CBT, and the control group only received standard care. |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Comments: The method of blindness was not described. |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Comments: no attrition |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | Comments: All measured outcomes were reported. |
| Other bias | Low risk | Comments: none obvious |