Fakheri 2010.

Methods	Single‐centre parallel‐group randomized controlled trial conducted in Iran in 2008
Participants	180 adults over 18 years of age without serious comorbidities undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (mean age: 46.9 ± 17.5 years in midazolam group and 47 ± 17.5 years in placebo group; 49% men in midazolam group and 43% men in placebo group)
Interventions	1) Intravenous midazolam ‐ mean dose 3.2 (1.6) mg 2) Saline placebo
Outcomes	Measured during the procedure: Vital signs (oxygen desaturation)
Notes	Conflicts of interest or funding sources were not reported
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not reported
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not reported
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	High risk	Not blinded
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Not blinded
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	High risk	Excluded participants who required more than 10 mg midazolam for sedation
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	No clear evidence that measured outcomes were not reported (trial protocols were not sought for confirmation)
Other bias	Unclear risk	None expected