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| Outcome or subgroup title | No. of studies | No. of participants | Statistical method | Effect size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.1 Self‐reported pain | 4 | 313 | Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | ‐0.18 [‐0.60, 0.23] |
| 4.2 Observer‐reported pain | 3 | 259 | Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | ‐0.40 [‐0.98, 0.18] |
