Yoshida 2010.

Methods	Eight‐week parallel‐group placebo‐controlled trial
Participants	Twenty‐four adults with atopic dermatitis diagnosed according to the Guideline for Management of AD by the Japanese Dermatological Association were recruited and randomised at a 2:1 ratio of intervention:control (16 participants in intervention arm/8 participants in control arm) Recruitment took place in a centre in Japan No participants were lost to follow‐up
Interventions	Probiotic: Bifidobacterium breve (lyophilised powder of live B breve YY) in a capsule preparation at a dose of 1.0 × 10¹º CFUs/capsule taken twice daily after breakfast and after dinner for 8 weeks Placebo not described
Outcomes	• SCORAD: total, objective, subjective* • Japanese version of Skindex‐29* *Denotes outcomes prespecified for this review
Notes	Sponsorship was not declared, but 2 of the authors of the report are linked to the supplier of the probiotic
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Quote: "Test meals for 24 subjects were randomly allocated..." Comment: no other information provided; judged as having unclear risk
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No information given
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	No information given
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	No information given
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	No losses to follow‐up. All participants analysed
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	No evidence of selective reporting
Other bias	High risk	Selection bias: baseline SCORAD scores not matched between the 2 groups Commercial bias: sponsorship not declared but 2 of the authors of the report linked to the supplier of the probiotic; this may have affected the outcome Study was judged to have high risk of other bias

AD: atopic dermatitis.
 AEDS: atopic eczema‐dermatitis syndrome.
 BPD: bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
 CDLQI: Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index.
 CFU: colony‐forming unit.
 cGMP: cyclic guanosine monophosphate.
 DFI: Dermatology Family Impact.
 DLQI: Dermatology Life Quality Index.
 EASI: Eczema Area Severity Index.
 FDLQI: Family Dermatology Life Quality Index.
 IDQoL: Infant Dermatitis Quality of Life.
 IFN: interferon.
 IgE: immunoglobulin E.
 IL: interleukin.
 LF: Lactobacillus fermentum.
 LP: Lactobacillus paracasei.
 RAST: radioallergosorbent test.
 RSV: respiratory syncytial virus.
 SCORAD: Severity Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis.
 TCS: topical corticosteroid.
 TS: topical steroid.
 VAS: visual analogue scale.
 VASP: Visual Analogue Scale of Pruritus.