Comparison 5. Phonics training versus control: sensitivity analysis with small studies removed (n < 11).

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Mixed/regular word reading accuracy	8	645	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.53 [0.07, 1.00]
2 Non‐word reading accuracy	8	644	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.66 [0.20, 1.11]
3 Irregular word reading accuracy	4	294	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.84 [0.30, 1.39]
4 Mixed/regular word reading fluency	3	206	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.50 [0.22, 0.78]
5 Non‐word reading fluency	2	170	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.39 [0.08, 0.69]
6 Reading comprehension	3	305	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.25 [‐0.15, 0.64]
7 Spelling	2	140	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.36 [‐0.27, 0.99]
8 Letter‐sound knowledge	3	192	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.35 [0.04, 0.65]
9 Phonological output	4	280	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.38 [‐0.04, 0.80]