Table 4.
Descriptive statistics of the covariates for control and treatment municipalities: before and after reform (with alternative definitions)
| Variable | Before reform (2010–2011) | After reform | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2012–2013 | 2013 only | |||||
| Control | Treatment | Control | Treatment | Control | Treatment | |
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |
| Norw_GP | 0.710 (0.454) | 0.705 (0.456) | 0.696 (0.460) | 0.696 (0.460) | 0.698 (0.459) | 0.689 (0.463) |
| Male_GP | 0.668 (0.471) | 0.681 (0.466) | 0.649 (0.477) | 0.646 (0.478) | 0.646 (0.478) | 0.637 (0.481) |
| Specialist | 0.661 (0.474) | 0.665 (0.472) | 0.671 (0.470) | 0.645 (0.478) | 0.672 (0.470) | 0.640 (0.480) |
| Age_GP | 50.02 (10.06) | 49.60 (10.49) | 50.10 (10.47) | 49.13 (10.64) | 50.10 (10.56) | 48.98 (10.64) |
| Consult_GP | 3.386 (1.181) | 3.436 (1.770) | 3.344 (1.128) | 3.383 (1.161) | 3.334 (1.125) | 3.338 (1.046) |
| Share_LC_GP | 0.355 (0.184) | 0.329 (0.182) | 0.373 (0.185) | 0.351 (0.183) | 0.380 (0.186) | 0.356 (0.181) |
| Share_Test_GP | 0.578 (0.144) | 0.594 (0.131) | 0.589 (0.140) | 0.596 (0.131) | 0.588 (0.141) | 0.593 (0.129) |
| Visist_GP | 10.55 (10.15) | 10.31 (10.60) | 10.07 (9.594) | 9.979 (10.20) | 9.908 (9.334) | 9.846 (9.801) |
| Pat_Age | 51.32 (24.94) | 51.84 (25.07) | 52.18 (24.64) | 51.95 (25.24) | 52.65 (24.76) | 52.24 (25.01) |
| Pat_Mal | 0.451 (0.313) | 0.437 (0.313) | 0.449 (0.319) | 0.443 (0.3199) | 0.449 (0.319) | 0.445 (0.322) |
| Pat_Edu1 | 0.333 (0.113) | 0.346 (0.092) | 0.319 (0.110) | 0.332 (0.090) | 0.315 (0.110) | 0.324 (0.087) |
| Pat_Alone | 0.308 (0.092) | 0.295 (0.073) | 0.309 (0.089) | 0.292 (0.073) | 0.310 (0.088) | 0.294 (0.078) |
| Pat_Disable | 0.155 (0.070) | 0.162 (0.063) | 0.153 (0.068) | 0.162 (0.070) | 0.157 (0.070) | 0.166 (0.071) |
| Pat_Wage | 151.6 (55.76) | 139.6 (51.02) | 162.0 (60.55) | 151.9 (59.54) | 160.1 (60.63) | 150.9 (60.31) |
| Angina | 0.134 (0.341) | 0.132 (0.339) | 0.131 (0.337) | 0.134 (0.341) | 0.131 (0.337) | 0.131 (0.337) |
| Asthma | 0.141 (0.348) | 0.141 (0.348) | 0.141 (0.348) | 0.138 (0.345) | 0.141 (0.348) | 0.140 (0.347) |
| Kols | 0.139 (0.346) | 0.137 (0.344) | 0.139 (0.346) | 0.136 (0.343) | 0.139 (0.346) | 0.138 (0.345) |
| KrHjSvikt | 0.129 (0.336) | 0.139 (0.346) | 0.131 (0.337) | 0.130 (0.336) | 0.130 (0.337) | 0.129 (0.335) |
| Diabetes_NC | 0.144 (0.351) | 0.144 (0.351) | 0.145 (0.352) | 0.149 (0.356) | 0.144 (0.352) | 0.154 (0.361) |
| Ulcer | 0.028 (0.164) | 0.024 (0.153) | 0.028 (0.166) | 0.025 (0.156) | 0.029 (0.169) | 0.026 (0.159) |
| Atrial_F | 0.145 (0.352) | 0.144 (0.351) | 0.145 (0.352) | 0.145 (0.352) | 0.145 (0.352) | 0.146 (0.353) |
| Epilepsy | 0.140 (0.347) | 0.138 (0.345) | 0.140 (0.347) | 0.142 (0.349) | 0.140 (0.347) | 0.136 (0.343) |