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. 2019 May 14;9:7342. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-43663-z

Table 1.

Surface energy and roughness of each substrate.

Glass Silicon Nylon PVC PP
Surface energy (mJ/m2) 4400 1200 50.1 40.1 30.1
Surface roughness (nm) 24.8 10.5 63.2 55.4 96.2