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. 2019 May 14;9:7355. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-43782-7

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Forms of systemic lupus erythematosus-related interstitial pneumonia (SLE-IP) at onset and frequency of other SLE-related thoracic diseases in 55 patients with SLE-IP. (A) Chronic IP accounted for 35 patients (63.6%) followed by subacute IP (11 patients, 20%) and acute IP (seven patients, 12.7%). (B) The most frequent thoracic disease other than IP was pleuritis (six patients, 10.9%) followed by pulmonary hypertension (five patients, 9.1%), pericarditis (three patients, 5.5%), and pulmonary thromboembolism (two patients, 3.6%). Serositis, including pleuritis and pericarditis, was present in 16.4% of patients with SLE-IP.