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. 2019 May 8;10:990. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00990

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

Biofilm inhibition of A. baumannii by curcumin and gallium nitrate. Dose-dependent effects of curcumin on biofilm formation by A. baumannii ATCC 17978 (A). Effect of gallium nitrate on biofilm formation (B). Effect of curcumin on the cell growth of A. baumannii. Planktonic cell growth of A. baumannii was measured at 600 nm in 250 ml flasks stirred at 250 rpm (C). Dose-dependent effect of curcumin on A. baumannii ring biofilm formation on polyethylene when incubated at 37°C under static conditions (D). CLSM observation of biofilm inhibition by curcumin (E). Scale bar = 50 μm. Biofilm biomasses, mean thicknesses and substratum coverages spatial characteristics were quantified by COMSTAT analysis (F). *p < 0.05 versus untreated controls.