Table 2.
Performance of cognitive measures in five Chinese famine-exposed groups.
| Unexposed | Fetal Exposed | Childhood-Exposed | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Early Childhood | Mid Childhood | Late Childhood | |||
| TICS (range: 0–10) | 7.1 ± 2.6 | 6.7 ± 2.7 * | 6.5 ± 2.8 * | 6.6 ± 2.8 * | 6.2 ± 2.9 * |
| Word recall (range: 0–10) |
4.0 ± 1.7 | 3.7 ± 1.7 * | 3.4 ± 1.8 * | 3.4 ± 1.7 * | 3.3 ± 1.7 * |
| Draw pentagons (binary: 0/1) | 1257 (77.4%) | 652 (73.1%) | 809 (67.1%) * | 873 (64.8%) * | 778 (60.3%) * |
| General cognition (range: 0–21) | 11.9 ± 3.7 | 11.2 ± 3.9 * | 10.7 ± 4.0 * | 10.7 ± 4.0 * | 10.2 ± 4.2 * |
TICS: Telephone Interview of Cognitive Status. Data are shown as mean ± standard and n (%). Analysis of variance or the Kruskal–Wallis test was used for continuous variables with a normal distribution and a skewed distribution, and the Pearson χ2 test for categorical variables when comparing differences. * p < 0.0125 (after Bonferroni correction).