Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with or without BK virus nephropathy.
| Characteristic | BKVN (n = 6) | Non-BKVN (n = 162) | Total (n = 168) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, M:F | 3:3 | 98:64 | 101:67 | 0.684 |
| Recipient age at transplant, years | 13.9 (7.7–18.9) | 13.2 (1.5–19.9) | 13.3 (1.5–19.9) | 0.587 |
| Primary kidney disease | ||||
| Glomerulopathy | 5 (83.3) | 85 (52.5) | 90 (53.6) | 0.282 |
| CAKUT | 0 | 36 (22.2) | 36 (21.4) | |
| Other | 1 | 41 (25.3) | 42 (25.0) | |
| Alport syndrome | 3 (50.0) | 7 (4.3) | 10 (6.0) | 0.003 |
| Donor type | ||||
| Deceased donor | 3 (50.0) | 63 (38.9) | 66 (39.3) | 0.681 |
| Living donor | 3 (50.0) | 99 (61.1) | 102 (60.7) | |
| Recipient age at transplant, years | ||||
| 0 to <7 | 0 | 28 (17.3) | 28 (16.7) | 0.285 |
| 7 to <13 | 2 (33.3) | 52 (32.1) | 54 (32.1) | |
| ≥13 | 4 (66.7) | 82 (50.6) | 86 (51.2) | |
| HLA mismatch | ||||
| 0–2 | 0 | 35 (21.6) | 35 (20.8) | 0.578 |
| 3–4 | 6 (100) | 112 (69.1) | 118 (70.2) | |
| 5–6 | 0 | 15 (9.3) | 15 (8.9) | |
| Acute cellular rejection | 4/6 (66.7) | 95/151 (62.9) | 99/157 (63.1) | 1.000 |
| Immunosuppression | ||||
| MMF | 6 | 162 | 168 | 1.000 |
| Tac | 6 | 161 (99.4) | 167 (99.4) | 1.000 |
| BSX | 6 | 131 (80.9) | 137 (81.5) | 0.594 |
| ATG | 0 | 9 (5.6) | 9 (5.4) | 1.000 |
| Transplant year | ||||
| 2001–2008 | 0 | 47 (29.0) | 47 (28.0) | 0.187 |
| 2009–2015 | 6 | 115 (71.0) | 121 (72.0) | |
| CMV infection | 3/5 (60) | 60/131 (45.8) | 63/136 (46.3) | 0.663 |
| EBV infection | 1/4 (25) | 70/132 (53.0) | 71/136 (52.2) | 0.348 |
| Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia | 0 | 6 (3.7) | 6 (3.6) | 1.000 |
| PTLD | 0 | 8 (4.9) | 8 (4.8) | 1.000 |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Hypertension | 2 (33.3) | 27 (16.7) | 29 (17.3) | 0.277 |
| Cardiovascular disease 1 | 0 | 8 (4.9) | 8 (4.8) | 1.000 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0 | 9 (5.6) | 9 (5.4) | 1.000 |
| Dyslipidemia | 0 | 10 (6.2) | 10 (6.0) | 1.000 |
| Neurological disorder 2 | 0 | 14 (8.6) | 14 (8.3) | 1.000 |
| Liver disease 3 | 1 (16.7) | 7 (4.3) | 8 (4.8) | 0.257 |
| Cancer except PTLD | 0 | 1 (0.6) | 1(0.6) | 1.000 |
| Mortality | 0 | 2 (1.2) | 2 (1.2) | 1.000 |
1 Cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, congenital heart defect, and myocardial infarction. 2 Developmental delay, congenital malformations of the nervous system, and epilepsy. 3 Hepatitis, fatty liver, congenital hepatic fibrosis, and liver cirrhosis. Values are expressed as numbers (%) and median (range). Abbreviations: BKVN: BK virus nephropathy; CAKUT: congenital anomalies of the kidney and the urinary tract; HLA: human leukocyte antigen; MMF: mycophenolate mofetil; Tac: tacrolimus; BSX: basiliximab; ATG: anti-thymocyte globulin; CMV: cytomegalovirus; EBV: Epstein–Barr virus; PTLD: post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease.