Table 4.
Review of major case series (cases ≥ 3) of sinonasal metastatic cancers in the English language literature.
| Years of Publication | Authors | Total Patients | Age (mean, y/o) | Sex | Metastatic Site | Primary Tumor Sites | Follow-up (months) | Alive with Residual Tumor (grossly) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1959 | Garrett [49] | 6 | 58.8 | 5M1F | 5M, 1E | 1B, 1G, 1L, 1K, 2T | 0.3–16 | 1 | 4 |
| 1966 | Bernstein et al. [5] | 10 | 54.2 | 3M7F | 5M, 1E, 2F, 2N | 1B, 2G, 5K, 1L, 1U | 1–48 | 4 | 5 |
| 1987 | Som et al. [50] | 6 | 54 | NA | 3M, 2S, 1 E,1F | 6K | NA | 0 | 3 |
| 1990 | Mickel et al. [12] | 7 | 49.4 | 5M2F | 7S | 3L, 1U, 2O, 1 humerus | 0.25–7 | NA | NA |
| 2000 | Simo et al. [22] | 6 | 67.8 | 3M3F | NA | 6K | 6–48 | 2 | 4 |
| 2008 | Huang et al. [26] | 17 | 50.8 | 9M8F | 7M, 7N, 3E, 1S, 1NP | 5G, 3H, 3K, 3B, 2T, 1L | NA | 0 | 7 |
| 2008 | Kaminski et al. [23] | 4 | 61 | 1M3F | 2M,1S,1N | 1B, 2G, 1K | 2–23 | 0 | 3 |
| 2011 | Azarpira et al. [6] | 3 | 58 | 2M1F | 1E, 1M, 1S | 1B, 1K, 1U | 6–11 | 0 | 3 |
| 2011 | Choong et al. [21] | 4 | 55.8 | 3M1F | 4N | 4K | 8–24 | 1 | 3 |
| 2012 | Parida et al. [24] | 3 | 54.3 | 1M2F | 2F, 1N | 3K | 4–6 | 1 | 0 |
| 2016 | Ravnik et al. [25] | 3 | 57 | 1M2F | 3P | 1B, 1K, 1 lymphoma | 8–48 | 2 | 0 |
| 2019 | Chang et al. (our study) | 17 | 56.8 | 9M8F | 8N, 6SB, 5 septum, 4M, 4E, 4S, 1F, | 2B, 4G, 3H, 1L, 2T, 1 supraglottis, 2 leg, 1 retroperitoneum, 1 broad ligament | 2–228 | 7 | 9 |
| Total | 86 | 55.5 | 42M38F | 27M, 11E, 16S, 4F, 23N, 1 NP, 6 SB, 5 septum | 10B, 14G, 6H, 7L, 31K, 6T, 3U, 1 supraglottis, 3 extremities, 1 retroperitoneum, 1 broad ligament | 0.3–228 | 18 | 41 |
NA: not available; M: maxillary; S: sphenoid; E: ethmoid; F: frontal; N: nasal cavity; P: pituitary gland; NP: nasopharynx; SB: skull base; B: breast; G: gastrointestinal tract; H: hepatic region; K: kidney; L: lung; T: thyroid; U: urogenital region; O: oral.