Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the ADVANCE trial population
| Characteristic | Total population (N = 11,140) |
|---|---|
| Female, n (%) | 4733 (42) |
| Age (years)a | 66 ± 6 |
| Duration of diabetes (years)a | 8 ± 6 |
| History of microvascular disease, n (%) | 1155 (10) |
| History of macrovascular disease, n (%) | 3590 (32) |
| Region | |
| EME, n (%) | 4862 (44) |
| Eastern Europe, n (%) | 2142 (19) |
| Asia, n (%) | 4136 (37) |
| Blood glucose control | |
| Fasting blood glucose (mmol/l)a | 8.5 ± 2.8 |
| Serum HbA1c concentration (%)a | 7.5 ± 1.6 |
| Serum HbA1c concentration (mmol/mol)a | 58 ± 18 |
| Other risk factors | |
| Systolic BP (mmHg)a | 145 ± 22 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg)a | 81 ± 11 |
| History of treated hypertension, n (%) | 7655 (69) |
| Non-HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)a | 3.9 ± 1.1 |
| Triacylglycerol (mmol/l)b | 1.6 (1.2–2.3) |
| UACR (mg/mmol)b | 1.7 (0.8–4.5) |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)b | 75 (62–89) |
| Current smoking, n (%) | 1682 (15) |
| Waist circumference (cm)a | 99 ± 13 |
| Educational attainmentc, n (%) | 7121 (64) |
Data is presented as %, amean ± SD or bmedian with interquartile range
cAge ≥16 years at completion