Table 1. Characteristics of Clinicians, Order Sessions, and Patients.
| Characteristic | Group, No. (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Restricted (n = 1669)a | Unrestricted (n = 1687)b | |
| Clinicians | ||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 42.9 (12.7) | 43.2 (12.3) |
| Experience at study site, mean (SD), y | 6.4 (6.0) | 6.6 (6.0) |
| Median (IQR) | 4.4 (1.6-10.0) | 4.7 (1.7-10.1) |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 734 (44.0) | 728 (43.2) |
| Female | 935 (56.0) | 959 (56.8) |
| Clinician type | ||
| Attending physician | 806 (48.3) | 814 (48.3) |
| House staff | 529 (31.7) | 542 (32.1) |
| Midlevelc | 334 (20.0) | 331 (19.6) |
| Primary practice area | ||
| Outpatient | 835 (50.0) | 876 (51.9) |
| Inpatient | ||
| Medical/surgical | 335 (20.1) | 312 (18.5) |
| Pediatrics | 52 (3.1) | 70 (4.1) |
| Obstetrics | 35 (2.1) | 32 (1.9) |
| Critical care | 8 (1.7) | 18 (1.1) |
| Other | 116 (7.0) | 105 (6.2) |
| Emergency department | 151 (9.0) | 135 (8.0) |
| Unclassified | 117 (7.0) | 139 (8.2) |
| Order sessions | 2 183 365 | 2 303 266 |
| Orders per session, median (IQR) | 1 (1-3) | 2 (1-3) |
| Outpatient | 1 (1-3) | 1 (1-3) |
| Inpatient | 1 (1-3) | 1 (1-3) |
| Emergency department | 2 (1-3) | 2 (1-3) |
| Patients | Overall No. (%) (N = 543 490) | |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 38.4 (4.2) | |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 218 642 (40.2) | |
| Female | 324 848 (59.8) | |
| Sessions per patient, median (IQR) | 3 (2-8) | |
| Outpatient | 3 (1-6) | |
| Inpatient | 6 (2-16) | |
| Emergency department | 3 (2-5) | |
Abbreviation: IQR, interquartile range.
a
In the restricted group, configuration limited to 1 record open at a time.
b
In the unrestricted group, configuration allowed up to 4 records open concurrently.
c
Midlevel clinicians include nurse practitioners and physician assistants.