Table 4.

Univariable and multivariable linear regression analysis of predicting ASAS HI in total axSpA, AS, and nr-axSpA.

Variables	Total axSpA						AS						Nr-axSpA
	Univariable			Multivariable			Univariable			Multivariable			Univariable
	β	SE	p	β	SE	p	β	SE	p	β	SE	p	β	SE	p
Age (year)	0.076	0.015	<0.001	0.035	0.020	0.079	0.094	0.019	<0.001	0.046	0.024	0.057	0.001	0.026	0.974
Male gender	−0.699	0.417	0.095	−0.822	0.437	0.061	−1.083	0.533	0.043	−1.065	0.554	0.056	−0.318	0.609	0.603
Obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2)	0.064	0.372	0.863				−0.059	0.448	0.896				−0.008	0.636	0.989
Higher education level (college or postgraduate)	−1.192	0.397	0.003				−1.394	0.481	0.004				−0.555	0.650	0.396
Higher economic status (≥50,000 US dollar/year)	−0.892	0.407	0.029	−1.045	0.423	0.014	−1.148	0.480	0.018	−1.205	0.487	0.014	−0.617	0.753	0.415
Married	−0.180	0.360	0.617				−0.495	0.451	0.274				−0.050	0.571	0.931
Current smoker	0.141	0.398	0.723				0.119	0.470	0.800				−0.480	0.743	0.518
Current alcohol drinker	−1.437	0.381	<0.001	−1.045	0.396	0.009	−1.421	0.466	0.003	−1.052	0.474	0.028	−1.395	0.605	0.023
High NSAID intake	1.169	0.351	0.001	1.034	0.357	0.004	1.483	0.431	0.001	1.419	0.433	0.001	−0.038	0.568	0.947
TNF-α blocker user	0.435	0.356	0.223				0.450	0.436	0.303				0.177	0.571	0.758
HLA-B27 positive	−1.201	0.707	0.090	−1.140	0.720	0.115	−2.694	1.047	0.011	−2.113	1.008	0.037	−0.228	0.861	0.792
Sum of sacroiliitis grade	0.255	0.082	0.002				0.247	0.155	0.113				−0.040	0.302	0.895
Existence of syndesmophyte	1.273	0.355	<0.001				1.261	0.455	0.006				0.651	0.580	0.264
mSASSS	0.052	0.009	<0.001	0.035	0.013	0.006	0.048	0.010	<0.001	0.032	0.014	0.021	0.039	0.056	0.485

ASDAS—Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score; BASDAI—Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index; BMI—body mass index; HLA—human leukocyte antigen; mSASSS—modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score; NSAID—nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; SE—standard error; TNF—tumor necrosis factor.